TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



168. Pqdostemacea? 5001 172. Lacistemaceaa 



169. Stilaginaceae 500 | 173. Chloranthaceae 



PAGE 



17fi. Amentacese 503 



177. Juglandacese 507 



178. Garryaceas 507 



170. Monimiaoeas 500 I 174. Saururaceaa... 



171. Atherospermacea? .... 501 ' 175. Piperaceas 502 



B. Gymnospermae 508 



179. Conifera.., 508 | 180. Cycadaceae 511 



Class II. Monocotyledones or Endogense 512 



Subclass 1. Dictyogena? 512 



181. Dioscoreaceae 512 | 182. Smilaceae 513 | 183. TrilliaceaB 514 



Subclass 2. Petaloideaa 514 



a. Perianth adherent, Ovary inferior, Flowers usually hermaphrodite. 514 



184. Hydrocharidaceae.... 514 



185. Orchidaceae 515 



186. Zingiberaceae 517 



187. Marantaceae. 519 



8. Musacea? 520 192 Amaryllidacea? 522 



193. Hypoxidacea? 523 



190. Burmanniaceae 5221194. Bromeliaceae 524 



191. Haemodoraceje 



522 



6. Perianth free, Ovary superior, Flowers usually hermaphrodite 524 



199. Xyridacese 528 I 202. Commelynaceae 532 



528 



204. Butomaceae 532 



646 



540 



216. Musci 546 



217. Hepatica; 548 



195. Liliaceae 524 



196. Melanthaceae 526 



197. Gilliesiaceae 527 j 201. Palmae. 



198. Pontederiacese 528 | 



c. Flowers incomplete, often unisexual, without a proper perianth, or with a few 



verticillate scales 533 



205. Pandanaceae 533 | 207. Naiadacea? 535 



206. Aracea 533 | 208. Restiaceae 535 



Subclass 3. Glumacess 536 



209. Cyperaceas 536 211. Rhizanthea? 541 



210. Gramineas 537 



SECTION II. CETPTOGAMOUS PLANTS 542 



Class III. Acotyledones. 542 



Subclass 1. Acrogense or Cormogense 542 



212. Equisetaceas 5421 214. Marsileaceae.. 



213. Filices 5431 215. Lycopodiacea 



Subclass 2. Thallogenaj or Cellulares. 549 



218. Lichenes 549 | 219. Fungi 551 | 220. Algse 555 



PART III. GEOGRAPHICAL BOTANY, OR THE DISTRIBUTION OF PLANTS OVER 



THE GLOBE 559 



L EPIRRHEOLOGY, OR THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS EXTERNAL AGENTS ON PLANTS. . . 559 



1. Effects of Temperature 560 



2. Effects of Moisture 563 



3. Effects of Soil, Light, and other Agents. 563 



IL DISSEMINATION OF PLANTS 566 



1. Agents employed in their Dissemination 566 



2. General and Endemic Distribution of Plants 568 



3. Conjectures as to the mode in which the Earth was originally clothed with 



Plants 569 



4. Distribution of Plants considered Physiognomically and Statistically 572 



Physiognomy of Vegetation 572 | Statistics of Vegetation 573 



5. Phyto-geographical Division of the Globe 575 



" Vertical Range of Vegetation 583 



Distribution of Plants in Britain 585 



Acclimatizing of Plants 590 



PART IV. FOSSIL BOTANY.... 591 



Horizontal Range of Vegetation 575 



Schouw's Phyto-geographic Regiona 575 



Meyen's Phyto-geographical Zones 581 



Character and arrangement of Fossil Plants 591 



Fossiliferous Rocks 593 



Fossil Plants of different Strata 594 



Fossil Plants of the Carboniferous system . . 596 



Fossil Plants of the Secondary Strata 603 



Fossil Plants of the Tertiary Strata 607 



APPENDIX 611 



I. ON THE USE OF THE MICROSCOPE IN BOTANICAL RESEARCHES 611 



Simple and Compound Microscope 612 Histology 616 



Microscopical Apparatus 613 Microscopical Preparations 617 



II. ON COLLECTING AND EXAMINING PLANTS, AND ON THE FORMATION OF A HERBARIUM, 618 



Preservation of specimens in a moist state.. 621 



Preservation of Seeds 621 



623 



Instruments and Apparatus required 618 



Process of Drying Plants. 620 



INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



