TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



PREFACE xi 



INTRODUCTORY REMARKS xiii 



PART I. VEGETABLE ANATOMY, ORGANOGRAPHY, AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 



CHAPTER I. ELEMENTARY ORGANS, OR VEGETABLE TISSUES 1 



SECTION I. CELLULAR TISSUE 2 



1. Form and Arrangement of Cells 2 



2. Contents of Cells. 6 



3. Development and Functions of Cells 10 



SECTION II. VASCULAR TISSUE , 11 



1. Form and Arrangement of Vessels lo 



2. Development and Functions of Vessels 1! 



Tabular Arrangement of Vegetable Tissues 21 



CHAPTER II. COMPOUND ORGANS FORMED BY THE TISSUES 22 



SECTION I. ORGANS OF NUTRITION OR VEGETATION 22 



Structure, Arrangement, and Special Functions 22 



General Integument 28 



Stomata 25 



Hairs 27 



Stem or Ascending Axis 33 



Forms of Stems 33 



Internal Structure of Stems 36 



Exogenous or Dicotyledonous Stem 37 



Anomalies in its Structure 47 



Endogenous or Monocotyledonous Stem 50 



Acrogenous or Acotyledonous Stem 55 



Formation of the different parts of Stems, and their special Functions 58 



Root or Descending Axis 62 



Structure of Roots 62 



Forms of Roots.. 63 



Functions of Roots 66 



Leaves and their Appendages 67 



Structure of Leaves 67 



Venation of Leaves 71 



Forms of Simple Leaves 73 



Forms of Compound Leaves 77 



Petiole or Leaf-stalk 80 



Stipules 83 



Anomalous Forms of Leaves and Petioles 85 



Structure and Form of Leaves in the Great Divisions of the Vegetable 



Kingdom V 86 



Phyllotaxis, or the Arrangement of Leaves on the Axis 87 



Leaf-buds 93 



Vernation 95 



Special Functions of Leaves 105 



