380 HIPPOCRATEACE-E ERYTHROXTLACEiE JIALPIGHIACE^I. 



5, hypogynous ; filaments dilated at the base ; anthers long, erect, 

 introrse. Ovary single, unilocular ; style 1 ; stigma often capitate. 

 Fruit coriaceous, indehiscent, or dehiscing by valves in a loculicidal 

 manner, the placentas being parietal and forming spurious dissepiments. 

 Seeds indefinite, minute, in a pulp, anatropal, exalbuminous ; embryo 

 straight. Trees and shrubs, with alternate, simple, entire, coriaceous, 

 and exstipulate leaves. Flowers furnished occasionally with bracts, 

 which are folded and united so as to form ascidia. They occur chiefly 

 in the warmer parts of America. Their properties are scarcely known. 

 There are 4 genera mentioned, and 26 species. Examples Marc- 

 graavia, Norantea. 



801. Order 39. Mippocrateacete, the Hippocratea Family. (Polypet. 

 Hypog.) Sepals 5, very small, united up to the middle, persistent, 

 with an imbricated aestivation. Petals 5, with an imbricated aestiva- 

 tion. Stamens 3, monadelphous ; the united filaments forming a tube 

 or a disk-like cup round the ovary; anthers with transverse dehiscence. 

 Ovary free, trilocular ; style 1 ; stigmas 1-3. Fruit consisting either 

 of 3 samaroid carpels, or fleshy and 1-3 -celled. Seeds definite, 

 about 4 in each cell, attached to a central placenta, exalbuminous, ana- 

 tropal, with a straight embryo, and flat somewhat fleshy cotyledons. 

 Arborescent or climbing shrubs, with opposite, simple, somewhat coria- 

 ceous leaves, having small deciduous stipules. They are found princi- 

 pally in South America; a few are natives of Africa and the East Indies. 

 The fruit of some is eatable. Lindley mentions 6 genera, comprehending 

 86 species. Examples Hippocratea, Salacia. 



802. Order 40. Erythroxylacwe, the Erythroxylon Family. (Polypet. 

 Hypog.) Sepals 5, united at the base, persistent ; estivation imbri- 

 cated. Petals 5, hypogynous, broad and with a small scale at the base, 

 slightly contorted in aestivation. Stamens 10, monadelphous; anthers 

 erect, bilocular. with longitudinal dehiscence. Ovary 3-celled, two of 

 which are sometimes abortive; styles 3, distinct or united; stigmas 3; 

 ovule single, pendulous. Fruit a 1 -seeded drupe. Seed angular, 

 anatropal; embryo in the axis of firm albumen, rarely exalbuminous; 

 cotyledons linear, flat, and leafy. Shrubs or trees with alternate stipu- 

 late leaves. Flowers arising from numerous, imbricated, scale-Like 

 bracts. Found chiefly in the West Indies and South America. The 

 plants of the order have tonic, purgative, and narcotic qualities. The 

 leaves of Eryihroxylon Coca are used in Peru as a stimulant like opium. 

 Some yield a dye. There are 2 or 3 known genera, and about 80 

 species. Examples Erythroxylon, Sethia. 



803. Order 41. Maipighiacete, the Malpighia Family. (Polypet. 

 Hypog.) Sepals 5, slightly united, persistent, often glandular at the 

 base; aestivation imbricated. Petals 5, unguiculate, with convolute 

 aestivation. Stamens usually 10, often monadelphous ; anthers round- 

 ish, with a projecting process from the connective (fig. 342). Ovary 



