398 



LEGUMINOS-E. 



the orders Anacardiacese and Amyridaceae, are by many considered 

 truly hypogynous, and as belonging to Thalamiflorae. Lindley includes 

 them in his Rutal alliance. He notices 5 genera, and 41 species. 

 Examples Connarus, Omphalobium, Cnestis. 



847. Order 68. JLegnminosie (Fabacese of Lindley), the Pea and 

 Bean Tribe. (Polypet. Perigyn.) Calyx 5-partite, toothed, or cleft 

 (figs. 593, 594 c c), with the odd segment anterior (^[ 357) ; seg- 

 ments often unequal and variously combined. Petals 5 (figs. 593, 

 594), or by abortion 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0, inserted into the base of the 

 calyx, sometimes equal, but usually unequal, often papilionaceous 



with the odd petal superior (fig. 594 e). Stamens definite or indefinite, 

 usually perigynous, distinct, or monadelphous or diadelphous (fig. 



Figs. 593-597. Organs of fructification of Lathyrus odoratus, Sweet-pea, a papilionaceous 

 flower, showing the structure of the natural order LeguniinosK. 



Fig. 593. Diagram of the flower, showing 5 divisions of the calyx, 5 petals, consisting of 2 

 parts forming the carina, 2 alse, and the vexiUum, which is superior, 10 stamens in 2 rows, dia- 

 delphous; ovary 1-celled, formed by a single carpel; one of the ovules shown with its funiculus 

 attached to the ventral suture. 



Fig. 594. Longitudinal section of the flower of Lathyrns odoratus. c c, Calyx, with 5 seg- 

 ments. , Vexillum or standard, being the superior or posterior odd petal, a, One of the alae, 

 or wings, c a, One half of the carina, or keel, t, Tube of the stamens, the filaments being united 

 in two bundles, or diadelphous. o, Ovary laid open, showing the ovules attached to the placenta, 

 on the ventral or upper suture. *, Stigma at the apex of the style which is continuous with the 

 ventral suture. 



Fig. 595. Fruit, a Legume or Pod, opening by two valves, and dehiscing by the ventral and 

 dorsal suture. Seeds attached on each side of the ventral suture, curved upon themselves, having 

 a marked hilum and funiculus (podospenn or umbilical cord). 



Fig. 596. A seed separated. /, Funiculus. c, Chalaza united to the funiculus by the raphe. 

 TO, Micropyle or foramen. 



Fig. 597. Embryo, which occupies the entire seed after the spermoderm is removed, c c, Two 

 cotyledons separated; they are fleshy and hypogeal, i.e. remain under ground during germina- 

 tion, g, Gemmule or plumule, r, Radicle. 



