MEYEN'S FHYTO-GEOGRAPHICAL ZONES. 581 



Pelargoniums, Alionece, Bruniacece, and Selaginacece, and various Gna- 

 phaliums and Elichrysums, occur in this region. Mean temperature, 

 55 to 73. Cultivated plants: European kinds of grain, fruit, and 

 vegetables; also Batatas, Plantain, Tamarind, Guava, and Shaddock. 



24. The Region of Epacridacece and Eucalypti. It comprehends 

 the temperate parts of New Holland and Australia beyond the tropics, 

 with the island of Tasmania or Van Dieman's Land. Besides the 

 plants whence it receives its name, it is characterized by the orders 

 Stackhousiacece and Tremandracece, and by the presence of a great 

 number of Proteacece, Myrtacece, Stylidiacece, Restiacece, Diosmece, Casu- 

 arinece, and Acacias. Araucaria, or Eutassa excelsa, the Norfolk Island 

 Pine, forms one of the features of the region. It is one of the most 

 peculiar Floras. Mean temperature, 52 to 72. In the British Col- 

 onies, the European kinds of grain and fruit are cultivated. 



25. The Kegion of New Zealand. This Flora, besides the plants 

 peculiar to New Zealand, as Phormium tenax, New Zealand Flax, com- 

 prehends several others which belong to the extremities of America, 

 Africa, and Australia. We find in these islands Corypha australis, 

 the Australian or Southern Palm, Tree Ferns, and Draccenas, forests 

 of Dammara australis one of the Coniferce, and many Myrtacece. 

 Mean temperature between latitude 34 and 36 south, from 61 to 

 63. Many of the European plants are cultivated.* 



1156. Meyen divides the horizontal range of vegetation into zones, 

 taking for his basis the three ordinary divisions of the torrid, the 

 temperate, and the frigid zone, and subdividing each hemisphere 

 into eight smaller zones. 



1157. Meyeris Phyto-Geographical Zones. 



A. TOERID ZONE. 



1. Equatorial Zone. This extends 15 on both sides of the equator, 

 and has a mean annual temperature of 78^ to 82^ F. The forms 

 characteristic of this zone are chiefly Palmae, Musaceas, arborescent 

 Graminese, Pandanus, Scitamineaa, Orchids, and Lianas; besides plants 

 belonging to the orders Malvaceas, Anonaceae, Anacardiacese, Arto- 

 carpeaa a section of Urticaceas, Lecythidaceae, Malpighiaceas, Sapin- 

 daceas, Cajsalpinieaj a section of Leguminosas, Cedrelaceae, and many 

 others. 



2. The Tropical Zone. This reaches from the 15th degree on each 

 side of the equator to the tropics, in 23 latitude. Mean temperature 

 73^ to 78|. Summer temperature, 80^ to 86; winter tempera- 

 ture in the eastern coast countries, 59. Besides many equatorial 

 forms, as Palms, Musaceae, Scitaminea?, Meliacess, Anonaceai, Sapin- 

 daceaa, Orchidaceas, Araceas, and Lianas, there are in this zone Tree- 



* See a Coloured Delineation of these Regions in Johnston's Maps. 



