CERVUS.] MAMMALIA UNGULATA. 37 



* GEN. 22. OVIS, Linn. 



* 55. O. Aries, Linn. (Sheep.) Horns compressed, and lunated. 



O. Aries, Desm. Mammal, p. 488. Flem. Brit. An. p. 25. Sheep, Penn. 

 Brit. Zool. vol. i. p. 27. Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. n. p. 385. 



DESCRIPT. Varying much in size and colour : with or without horns : wool 

 coarse or fine, long or short, according to the breed, sometimes approaching the 

 quality of hair : tail short, or reaching below the knees. 



Probably not originally indigenous. Primitive stock supposed to be the Argali* 

 (Oyis Amman, Gmel.), which is found in a wild state in the mountainous parts of 

 Asia. Period of gestation about five months. Produces one or two at a birth, 

 rarely more. The two middle incisors fall at the end of the first year, and are 

 replaced by others ; the next in succession at about the age of two and a half : 

 by the end of the third year, or soon after, all have been renewed, and the in- 

 dividual is said to be full-mouthed. 



* GEN. 23. CAPRA, Linn. 



* 56. C. Hircus, Linn. (Goat.) Horns edged in front, rounded 

 posteriorly. 



C. Hircus, Desm. Mammal, p. 482. Flem. Brit. An. p. 25. Domestic Goat, 

 Penn. Brit. Zool. vol. i. p. 35. pi. 3. Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. n. p. 369. 

 pi. 199. 



DESCRIPT. Subject to less variation than the Sheep. Usual colour black, white, 

 or pied ; occasionally brown, approaching more or less to a tawny red : horns in 

 the male, in some instances upwards of three feet long ; in the female much smaller, 

 or wanting altogether : tail about seven inches in length ; often black. 



Ranges in a state of liberty on the mountains of Wales, Scotland, and Ireland, 

 and is often domesticated ; but it is doubtful whether it be indigenous. Supposed 

 to be derived either from the C. Ibex, Linn, or the C. JEgagrus, Gmel., the former 

 of which species is found wild on the Alps of Europe, the latter on the mountains 

 of Persia. Goes with young five months. 



GEN. 24. CERVUS, Linn. 



57. C. Elaphus, Linn. (Stag> or Red Deer.) Horns 

 branched ; round ; diverging at the base, somewhat con- 

 verging at the extremity. V 



C. Elaphus, Desm. Mammal, p. 434. Flem. Brit. An. p. 26. Stag, 

 Penn. Brit. Zool. vol. i. p. 41. Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. n. p. 276. 

 pi. 177. 



DIMENS. Length of the body about six feet six inches ; of the horns 

 about two feet ; of the tail seven inches : height about three feet eight 

 inches. 



DESCRIPT. Varying in size and colour: usually reddish brown in 

 summer, with a dusky line along the spine ; in winter brownish gray ; 

 under parts whitish: horns at first simple, afterwards branched; the 

 number of antlers increasing with age till they amount to ten or twelve ; 

 three of them being always directed forwards : eyes large, with a distinct 

 lachrymal furrow: ears long and pointed : tail of moderate length. Fe- 

 male or Hind smaller, and without horns. The young or Calf is gene- 

 rally spotted with white, or as it is termed menilled, on the upper parts : 

 the first indication of horns takes place during the latter part of the first 

 year, when it is called a Knobber. 



* Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. n. p. 379. pi. 201. 



