PARUS.] AVES INSESSORES. 121 



72. S. Rubicola, Bechst. (Stone-Chat.) Head and 

 throat black ; back black, the feathers with reddish edges : 

 sides of the neck, a spot on the wings, and rump, white. 



S. Rubicola, Temm. Man. d'Orn. torn. i. p. 246. Stone-Chat, Mont. 

 Orn. Diet. Selb. Illust. vol. i. p. 185. pi. 48. f . 3 & 4. Bew. Brit. 

 Birds, vol. i. p. 268. 



DIMENS. Entire length five inches one line : length of the bill (from 

 the forehead) five lines, (from the gape) eight lines ; of the tarsus ten 

 lines ; of the tail two inches ; from the carpus to the end of the wing two 

 inches six lines : breadth, wings extended, eight inches five lines. 



DESCRIPT. (Male in Summer.) Head and throat black; on each side 

 of the neck a large white spot ; back and nape black, some of the fea- 

 thers on these parts faintly edged with reddish ; quills dusky with pale 

 edges ; a large white spot on the greater coverts next the body : breast 

 rust-red ; the rest of the under parts white, tinged with yellow : rump 

 white : tail black : bill and feet black. In the winter plumage, the 

 black on the head and throat is mixed with cinereous brown. (Female.) 

 Head and upper parts dusky brown ; the feathers edged with yellowish 

 red : quills and tail deep brown, with paler edges : throat dusky, with 

 whitish and reddish spots : the white on the sides of the neck and on the 

 wings not so conspicuous as in the male; the red on the breast paler. 

 (Young of the year before the first moult.) Crown of the head dusky 

 brown, with fine yellowish white streaks on the shafts of the feathers ; 

 rest of the upper parts as in the adult female, but with a few whitish 

 spots on the nape and top of the back : wing-coverts and scapulars broadly 

 edged with reddish yellow; upper tail-coverts pale rust-colour: throat 

 whitish, speckled with dusky brown. (Egg.) Pale gray blue ; the larger 

 end speckled with dull reddish brown : long. diam. eight lines and a half; 

 trans, diam. seven lines. 



Found in the same places with the preceding species, but remains 

 throughout the year. Habits similar. Nest on the ground ; composed 

 of moss and dry bents, and lined with hair or feathers. Eggs five or six ; 

 hatched early in the season. 



GEN. 24. PARUS, Linn. 



(1. PARUS, Leach.) 



73. P. major, Linn. (Great Titmouse.) Head, throat, 

 lower part of the neck, and mesial line of the abdomen, 

 black; cheeks, and a spot on the nape, white. 



P. major, Temm. Man. d"0rn. torn. i. p. 287. Great Titmouse, 

 Mont. Orn. Diet. Selb. Illust. vol. i. p. 233. pi. 51. f. 1. Bew. 

 Brit. Birds, vol. i. p. 272. 



DIMENS. Entire length five inches eleven lines : length of the bill 

 (from the forehead) five lines and a half, (from the gape) seven lines ; of 

 the tarsus nine lines and a half; of the tail two inches nine lines ; from 

 the carpus to the end of the wing three inches one line; breadth, wings 

 extended, nine inches three lines. 



DESCRIPT. Head, throat, fore part of the neck, and a longitudinal 

 streak down the middle of the abdomen, black : cheeks and ear-coverts, 

 and a spot on the nape, white: back olive-green: rump bluish ash: 



