128 AVES INSESSORES. [EMBERIZA. 



dusky ; the others black, with white tips ; the outermost of all white on 

 the exterior web : bill brownish black ; the base of the lower mandible 

 yellowish white : feet liesh-colour, tinged with yellowish brown ; hind 

 claw very long, and nearly straight. (Egg.) Light greenish brown 

 ground, mottled with darker brown, with a few dusky streaks at the 

 larger end : long. diam. ten lines ; trans, diam. seven lines. 



Much less generally distributed than the last species : not uncommon 

 in the southern and western parts of England, but rare in the eastern. 

 Habits similar to those of the Sky-Lark. Sings at a great height in the 

 air, flying round and round in large irregular circles. In song nearly 

 the whole year. Nest on the ground, constructed principally of dry 

 grasses, and lined with a few hairs. Breeds very early in the season. 

 Does not congregate in Winter. 



GEN. 28. EMBERIZA, Linn. 



(1. PLECTROPHANES, Meyer.) 



84. E. Lapponica, Nilss. (Lapland Bunting.) Crown 

 of the head, and upper part of the breast, black ; above the 

 eye a white band, prolonged on the sides of the neck : nape, 

 back, and scapulars, varied with brown and red. 



E. calcarata, Temm. Man. d'Orn. torn. i. p. 322. Plectrophanes 

 Lapponica, Selb. in Linn. Trans, vol. xv. p. 156. pi. 1. (Young.) 

 Faun. Bar. Amer. part 2. p. 248. pi. 48. (Adult.) Lapland Finch, 

 Lath. Syn. vol. n. p. 263. Lapland Lark-Bunting, Selb. Illust. 

 vol. i. p. 283. pi. 100. f. 6. 



DIMENS. Entire length six inches eight lines: length of the bill (from 

 the forehead) six lines, (from the gape) six lines and a quarter ; of the 

 tarsus ten lines ; of the hind toe, claw included, nine lines and a quarter ; 

 of the tail two inches nine lines ; of the folded wing three inches nine 

 lines. Faun. Bor. Amer. 



DESCRIPT. (Young.) "Bill yellowish brown, palest towards the base 

 of the under mandible : head, and all the upper parts of the body, pale 

 wood-brown, tinged with yellowish gray ; the shafts of the feathers blackish 

 brown : greater wing-coverts, and secondary quills, blackish brown, deeply 

 margined with chestnut or orange-brown ; the tips white : quills dusky 

 brown, paler at the edge : above the eyes a broad streak of pale wood- 

 brown : cheeks and ear-coverts wood-brown, the latter mixed with black : 

 from the corners of the under mandible, on each side of the throat, a streak 

 of blackish brown : throat yellowish white : lower part of the neck and 

 breast dirty white, with numerous dusky spots: belly and vent white: 

 flanks with oblong dusky streaks : tail dusky, the outer feather with the 

 exterior web, and half of the interior, dirty white: the second with a small 

 wedge-shaped white spot near the tip : legs and toes brown : claws not. 

 much hooked, the posterior nearly straight, and longer than the toe." 

 SELBY. In the adult male, which has not yet occurred in this country, 

 the head, chin, throat, and upper part of the breast, are velvet black, 

 with a broad whitish band down the sides of the neck, commencing 

 above the eyes and dilating into an open space in about the middle 

 of its course : nape bright .chestnut ; rest of the upper plumage pale 

 reddish brown, with a blackish streak in the middle of each feather : 

 wing-coverts with two obsolete white bands ; primaries hair-brown, their 



