UPUPA.] AVES INSESSORES. 153 



nated ; brownish gray, tinged with red : upper mandible brown ; lower 

 mandible yellowish : feet yellowish brown. (Egg.) White, with pale red 

 spots often confined to the larger end : long. diam. eight lines ; trans, 

 diam. five lines and a half. 



Common and generally dispersed throughout the country. Climbs 

 trees with great facility. Feeds entirely on insects. Has a peculiar, but 

 rather monotonous song, heard early in the Spring, and continued during 

 the breeding season. Nest placed in the holes, or under the loose bark, 

 of decayed trees ; formed of small sticks, wool, and mosses packed rudely 

 together, and lined with feathers and fine shreds of wood. Eggs six or 

 eight in number, laid towards the end of April. 



GEN. 41. TROGLODYTES, Cuv. 



123. T. Europceus, Selb. (Common Wren.) Upper 

 plumage reddish brown, with transverse dusky lines : over 

 the eye a narrow white streak. 



Sylvia Troglodytes, Temm. Man. d'Orn. torn. i. p. 233. Troglodytes 

 vulgaris, Id. torn. in. p. 160. Common Wren, Mont. Orn. Diet. 

 Selb. Illust. vol. i. p. 390. pi. 47. f. 6. Bew. Brit. Birds, vol. i. p. 262. 



DIMENS. Entire length three inches nine lines : length of the bill 

 (from the forehead) three lines and a half, (from the gape) five lines and 

 a half; of the tarsus nine lines ; of the tail one inch four lines; from the 

 carpus to the end of the wing one inch nine lines and a half: breadth, 

 wings extended, six inches three lines. 



DESCRIPT. Upper parts of the body deep reddish brown, faintly 

 marked with transverse dusky lines : over each eye a pale narrow streak : 

 quills barred alternately on their outer webs with blackish brown and 

 reddish : tail dusky, with transverse black bars : under parts light rufous- 

 brown; the sides and thighs streaked with darker lines; under tail- 

 coverts obscurely spotted with white : bill brown : irides hazel : feet yel- 

 lowish brown. (Egg.) White, with a few specks of pale red : long. diam. 

 seven lines and a half; trans, diam. six lines. 



Abundant in all parts of the country, remaining with us the whole 

 year. Frequents gardens and out-houses. Song shrill and loud. Nest 

 often fixed against the thatch of buildings, or placed in the holes of trees, 

 more rarely on the ground; of an oval form, covered over at top, with the 

 entrance on one side ; formed of moss, hay, leaves, and other materials, 

 and lined with feathers occasionally mixed with hair. Eggs five to eight 

 in number. 



GEN. 42. UPUPA, Linn. 



124. U. Epops, Linn. (Hoopoe.) Head, neck, and 

 breast, purplish red ; wings black, barred with white. 



U. Epops, Temm. Man. d'Orn. torn. i. p. 415. Id. torn. in. p. 291. 

 Hoopoe, Mont. Orn. Diet. Selb. Illust. vol. i. p. 393. pi. 40. f. 2. 

 Bew. Brit. Birds, vol. i. p. 144. 



DIMENS. Entire length twelve inches : length of the bill two inches 

 six lines: breadth, wings extended, nineteen inches. 



DESCRIPT. Crest composed of a double row of elongated feathers, 

 orange-red tipped with black ; a small white patch intervening between 

 these two colours : head, neck, and breast, purplish red : upper part of 



