TETRAO.] AVES RASORES. 171 



bill and claws black. In the female, the naked membrane above the 

 eyes is less conspicuous, and the black on the lore altogether wanting. 

 (Male in summer plumage.) All the upper parts of the body, scapulars, 

 tertiaries, neck, breast, and sides under the wings, cinereous brown, with 

 transverse undulating black lines, and minute dusky spots : a few reddish 

 orange bars on the head and neck only : primary and secondary quills, 

 (with the exception of the black shafts), greater part of the wing-coverts, 

 belly, under tail-coverts, and legs, white : two middle tail-feathers nearly 

 all white ; the others black, some of them slightly tipped with white. 

 The female in summer does not show so much of the rufous tint on the 

 head and neck. (Egg.) Yellowish white, sparingly blotched and spotted 

 with black brown : long. diam. one inch eight lines ; trans, diam. one 

 inch two lines. 



Found only in the Highlands of Scotland, and the adjacent isles. Was 

 formerly met with in some of the mountainous parts of Cumberland and 

 Westmoreland, but is supposed now to be extinct in England. Frequents 

 the summits of the loftiest hills, from whence it rarely descends into 

 the plains. Feeds on the berries and tender shoots of alpine plants. 

 Pairs early in the Spring, and lays its eggs on the bare ground, from 

 eight to fourteen in number. Obs. This species is also met with in 

 North America ; but it is not found on the Continent, where it has been 

 always confounded with the following. 



152. T. rupestris, Sab. (Rock Ptarmigan.) Brownish 

 yellow, with transverse black bars, (summer) ; or pure 

 white, (winter) ; shafts of the quills, and lateral tail- 

 feathers, always black. 



T. rupestris, Sab. Supp. Parry s First Voy. p. cxcv. Richards. 

 App. Parry s Second Voy. p. 348. Faun. Bor. Amer. pt. 2. 

 p. 354. pi. 64. T. Lagopus, Temm. Man. dOrn. torn. u. p. 468. 

 Rock Ptarmigan, Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. xi. p. 290. 



DIMENS. Entire length fourteen inches: length of the bill (from the 

 forehead) seven lines, (from the gape) one inch ; of the tarsus one inch 

 four lines and a half; of the tail four inches; of the wing seven inches. 

 Faun. Bor. Am. 



DESCRIPT. Smaller than the last species, with the bill longer and 

 narrower. Winter plumage exactly similar. Summer plumage cha- 

 racterized by its brownish yellow colour, with rather broad blackish 

 brown bars, exhibiting none of the cinereous tint which predominates 

 in the Common Ptarmigan: on the upper parts the black markings 

 prevail over the yellow ; on the under the yellow ground is most con- 

 spicuous : primary and secondary quills, with some of the coverts, white ; 

 the shafts of the quills black : tail with the two middle feathers barred 

 like the back ; the rest black, faintly tipped with white. The male is at 

 all seasons distinguished from the female by a black band across the eye, 

 as in the last species: in its summer plumage, it is furthermore cha- 

 racterized by having the middle of the belly white. (Egg.) Bufiy white, 

 nearly covered with spots of two shades of dark red brown: long. diam. 

 one inch nine lines ; trans, diam. one inch two lines. 



This species, originally described by Pennant, (Arct. Zool. vol. n. 

 p. 364. no. 184.) occurs in North America, and very plentifully in some 

 parts of the Continent, but has been confounded by Temminck and others 



