TOTANUS.] AVES GRALLATORES. 199 



white, irregularly variegated with spots and streaks of cinereous brown; 

 flanks with transverse undulating bars of the same colour : throat, middle 

 of the abdomen, upper and under tail-coverts, pure white ; some of the 

 tail-coverts with fine dusky streaks on the shafts of the feathers : tail with 

 alternate black and white bars, narrower and more numerous than in the 

 last species ; the two outer feathers with their inner webs pure white : 

 legs greenish ; much longer than in the T. Ochropus, with a greater por- 

 tion of the tibia naked : bill black, towards the base greenish. (Summer 

 plumage.) " Crown of the head, and nape, streaked longitudinally with 

 brown and whitish ; cheeks, fore part of the neck, breast, and flanks, 

 nearly pure white, streaked longitudinally with deep brown : all the 

 feathers of the back with a very large black spot in the centre, and 

 with two whitish spots on each side of the webs ; scapulars, when raised, 

 appearing barred with broad dusky bands : the rest as in winter." TEMM. 

 (Young of the year.) "AH the deep brown part of the plumage covered 

 with small, closely approximating, red spots : the whole of the breast 

 waved with cinereous, with irregular brown spots : legs, and base of 

 the bill, dirty yellowish green : tail-feathers irregularly barred." TEMM. 

 (Egg.) Reddish white; the larger end nearly covered with dark red 

 brown : long. diam. one inch five lines ; trans, diam. one inch one line. 

 First noticed as British by Montagu, who has accurately pointed out 

 the distinctions between this and the last species. The individual de- 

 scribed by him was shot on the coast of South Devon early in August. 

 He mentions another which was shot at Woolwich, at the same period of 

 the year. Since his time individuals have been killed in the counties of 

 Durham, Northumberland, Norfolk, and Cambridge. The species, how- 

 ever, must be considered as a rare and accidental visitant in this country. 

 Common on many parts of the Continent. Breeds, according to Tem- 

 minck, within the arctic circle. Constructs its riest in marshes, and lays 

 four eggs. Food, insects and worms. 



(18.) T. Macularia, Temm. Man. d'Orn. torn. n. p. 656. Wils. 

 Amer. Orn. vol. vn. p. 60. pi. 59. f. 1. Spotted Sandpiper, Mont. 

 Orn. Diet. & Supp. Selb. Illust. vol. H. p. 84. pi. 17. Spotted 

 Tringa, Edw. Glean, pi. 277. 



There is no well-authenticated instance in which this species has oc- 

 curred in Great Britain, although by all our authors it has been included 

 in the British lists. The bird shot in Essex described by Edwards, and 

 supposed by him to be the same as his Spotted Tringa from America, is 

 evidently nothing more (as Mr Selby has suggested) than the common 

 Totanus Hypoleucos. The same may be said of the Spotted Sandpiper of 

 Bewick. ( Brit. Birds, vol. n. p. 97.) The true T. Macularia is abund- 

 ant in the United States, where it represents the Common Sandpiper of this 

 country. Nevertheless, as (according to Temminck) it has certainly been 

 killed in two or three instances on the Continent, it is still possible that it 

 may occasionally occur in this country. 



191. T. Hypoleucos, Temm. (Common Sandpiper.) 

 All the upper parts cinereous brown glossed with olive ; 

 under parts pure white, without spots. 



T. Hypoleucos, Temm. Man. d'Orn. tom.ii. p. 657. Common Sand- 

 piper, Mont. Orn. Diet. Bew. Brit Birds, vol. n. p. 93. Selb. 

 Illust. vol. n. p. 81. pi. 15. f. 3, & 4. 



DIMENS. Entire length seven inches nine lines: length of the bill 

 (from the forehead) one inch, (from the gape) one inch one line and 



