CYGNUS.] AVES NATATORES. 22? 



originally from Guinea, Of restless habits, and very clamorous. Spends much of 

 its time on land, seldom taking to the water except for safety in times of danger. 

 Feeds on grain and vegetables. Lays in March. 



* 231. C. Canadensis, Steph. (Canada Swan.) No protuberance at 

 the base of the bill: head and neck black; under the throat a crescent- 

 shaped white patch. 



G. Canadensis, Steph, in Shaw's Gen.^Zvd. vol. xn. part 2. p. 19. Anser 

 Canadensis, Faun. Bar. Am. part ii. p. 468. Canada Goose, Lath. Syn. 

 vol. in. p. 450. Wils. Amer. Orn. vol. vm. p. 53. pi. 67. f. 4. Cravat 

 Goose, Bew. Brit. Birds, vol. n. p. 276. 



DIMENS. Entire length forty -one inches: length of the bill (above) two inches 

 two lines, (from the gape) two inches six lines; of th tarsus three inches seven 

 lines ; of the tail nine inches ; of the wing nineteen inches six lines. Faun. 

 Bar. Am. 



DESCRIPT. Head, and greater part of the neck, black ; under the throat a 

 crescent-shaped white patch, passing upwards behind the eyes, and reaching nearly 

 to the occiput; back, scapulars, wings and flanks, grayish brown, the tips of the 

 feathers paler : lower part of the neck in front, breast, belly, and under parts, pure 

 white: primary quills, rump and tail, black: bill and legs black. (Egg.) Dull 

 dirty white : long. diam. three inches four lines ; trans, diam. two inches four 

 lines. 



A native of North America, from which country it has been introduced into 

 Europe. Is not uncommon in some parts, and may be considered as in a great 

 measure naturalized. Small flocks are occasionally observed in England in a state 

 of liberty and independance. 



232. C. ferus, Ray. (Whistling Swan.) Bill black; 

 the base and sides, these last to beyond the nostrils, bright 

 yellow : plumage white : tail of twenty feathers. 



Anas Cygnus, Temm. Man. d'Orn. torn. n. p. 828. Whistling Swan, 

 Mont. Orn. Diet, fy Supp. Selb. Illust. vol. 11. p. 278. pi. 47. 

 Wild Swan, Bew. Brit. Birds, vol. n. p. 265. (Trachea,) Linn. 

 Tram. vol. iv. pi. 12. f. 1. 



DIMENS. Entire length five feet: length of the bill (to the forehead) 

 four inches four lines and a half, (to the eye) five inches three lines ; of 

 the tarsus four inches ; of the middle toe six inches six lines ; from the 

 carpus to the end of the wing twentyfive inches six lines : breadth, 

 wings extended, seven feet ten inches. YARR. 



DESCRIPT. The whole plumage pure white, with the exception of the 

 head and nape, which have a faint tinge of orange-yellow: bill black; 

 cere at the base, and a portion of the sides extending beyond the line of 

 the nostrils, lemon-yellow; the same cere passes backward, and forms 

 a yellow space round the eyes : irides brown : legs black. In the female, 

 the bill is of a paler yellow than in the male. In young birds, the whole 

 plumage is pale gray ; the cere^ and naked skin surrounding the eyes, 

 pale flesh-colour ; the legs reddish gray. The plumage is probably not 

 perfected till the fourth or fifth year. (Egg.) Dull white, faintly tinged 

 with greenish : long. diam. four inches one line; trans, diam. two inches 

 eight lines. 



A periodical winter visitant in the northern parts of Britain. Seldom 

 observed southward except in very severe seasons. According to Low, 

 some few pairs remain and breed in the Orkneys; but the greater 



P2 



