CLANGULA.] AVES NATATORES. 245 



finely powdered with grayish white : belly, flanks, and a transverse bar 

 on the wings, pure white; vent black: bill pale bluish gray; the nail 

 black : irides gamboge-yellow : legs bluish gray ; the membranes dusky. 

 (Female.) Smaller than the male ; the crest shorter, and of not so bright 

 a colour : head, neck, breast, and upper part of the back, dull black, 

 clouded with deep brown ; back and wings dull blackish brown, speckled 

 with grayish brown; breast and flanks with large spots of reddish brown; 

 belly whitish, tinged with reddish brown : speculum smaller than in the 

 male : bill and legs of a deeper colour : irides pale yellow. (Young 

 of the year of both sexes.) " No indication of a crest : a large whitish 

 spot on the sides of the bill ; some white also on the forehead and occa- 

 sionally behind the eyes : head, neck, and breast, dull brown, this last 

 variegated with reddish brown : back and wings dusky brown, the fea- 

 thers edged with paler brown : flanks reddish brown : the bar on the 

 wings small and whitish: abdomen variegated with brown and ash- 

 colour: irides dirty yellow. Young males have the belly of a purer 

 white than young females. After the first moult, the white at the base 

 of the bill disappears ; the crest begins to shew itself ; and the plumage 

 becomes deeper coloured." TEMM. (Egg.) Greenish white, spotted with 

 light brown : long. diam. two inches one line ; trans, diam. one inch five 

 lines. 



Like the last species, a winter visitant. Met with on the coast, and 

 also not unfrequently on fresh waters. Said to breed within the Arctic 

 Circle. Food, similar to that of the preceding. 



GEN. 97- CLANGULA, Flem. 



257. C. chrysophthalmos, Steph. (Golden-Eye Garrot.) 

 A large patch before the eye, lower neck, all the under 

 parts, and speculum on the wing, white ; legs orange- 

 yellow. 



Anas Clangula, Temm. Man. d'Orn. torn. n. p. 870. Golden-Eye, 

 Mont. Orn. Diet. # Supp. Bew. Brit. Birds, vol. n. p. 365. 

 Common Golden-Eye Garrot, Selb. Illust. vol. n. p. 367. pi. 62. 

 (Trachea,) Linn. Trans, vol. iv. pi. 15. f. 1, & 2. 

 DIMENS. Entire length eighteen inches six lines : length of the bill 

 (from the forehead) one inch three lines, (from the gape) one inch seven 

 lines; of the tarsus one inch six lines; of the tail three inches seven lines; 

 from the carpus to the end of the wing eight inches three lines. 



DESCRIPT. (Male.) A large white space at the corner of the bill, 

 immediately beneath the lore ; rest of the head, and upper half of the 

 neck, glossy black, with green and violet reflections ; lower part of the 

 neck, breast, belly, abdomen, and flanks, pure white : back, rump, and 

 upper tail-coverts, deep glossy black : scapulars partly white and partly 

 black ; primary quills, four outer secondaries, and coverts bordering the 

 wing, brownish black; rest of the secondaries, middle and greater coverts, 

 white : tail blackish gray : bill black : irides golden yellow : legs orange ; 

 the membranes, and joints of the toes, dusky. (Female.) No white space 

 at the corner of the bill ; the whole head, and upper part of the neck, 

 deep umber-brown ; lower part of the neck, belly, and abdomen, pure 

 white ; breast and flanks deep ash-colour, margined with grayish white : 

 all the upper parts grayish black, the feathers edged and tipped with ash: 

 greater coverts white, tipped with black ; lesser coverts blackish gray, 

 tipped with white : bill black ; the tip yellowish : irides and legs pale 



