252 AVES NATATORES. [PomcEPs 



the occiput. (Young before the age of two years.) No occipital crest 

 or ruff round the neck : forehead and face white ; these parts as well 

 as the upper part of the neck with zigzag streaks of dusky brown dis- 

 posed in every direction: irides pale yellow. The young of the year 

 before the first moult have the head and upper part of the neck deep 

 brown." TEMM. (Egg.) White : long. diam. two inches two lines ; 

 trans, diam. one inch six lines. 



Not an uncommon species, remaining with us the whole year. Fre- 

 quents lakes and extensive tracts of fen; during severe weather in 

 Winter, the sea-coast and the estuaries of large rivers. Is said to breed 

 in the meres of Shropshire and Cheshire, and also in Lincolnshire. Makes 

 a large floating nest of aquatic plants. Eggs four in number. Food, prin- 

 cipally fish. Dives well, and is rarely seen on land. Obs. The Tippet 

 Grebe of Pennant (C. Urinator, Linn.) is this species in its immature 

 state. 



265. P. rubricollis, Lath. (Red-necked Grebe.) Bill 

 of the length of the head, black, towards the base yellow ; 

 distance from the nostrils to the tip thirteen or fourteen 

 lines : no ruff; occipital crest very short. 



P. rubricollis, Temm. Man. d Orn. torn. n. p. 720. Red-necked 

 Grebe, Mont. Orn. Diet. $ Supp. Bew. Brit. Birds, vol. n. 

 p. 161. Selb. Illust. vol. H. p. 392. pi. 72. 



DIMENS. Entire length seventeen inches six lines : length of the bill 

 (from the forehead) one inch nine lines, (from the gape) two inches two 

 lines ; of the tarsus two inches two lines ; from the carpus to the end of 

 the wing seven inches two lines : breadth, wings extended, twenty-nine 

 inches three lines. 



DESCRIPT. (Adult.) Forehead, crown, and occipital tuft, blackish 

 brown : cheeks and throat ash-gray : back part of the neck, and all 

 the upper parts of the body, deep blackish gray : front of the neck, 

 sides and upper part of the breast, bright orange-brown; rest of the 

 under parts white ; flanks and thighs with a few dusky streaks : lower 

 half of the secondary quills white : bill black, with the base of both man- 

 dibles bright gamboge-yellow: irides reddish brown: legs externally 

 black; internally yellowish green. (Young, at the age of two years.) 

 Throat and cheeks white : forehead, crown, and rest of the upper parts, 

 dusky brown, without any elongated feathers on the occiput : sides of the 

 neck, and upper part of the breast, pale reddish, mixed with dusky and 

 brown ; rest of the under parts white, faintly spotted with dusky on the 

 flanks and towards the vent : base of the bill livid yellow. (Egg.) Dirty 

 white : long. diam. one inch ten lines ; trans, diam. one inch four lines. 



Of rare occurrence in this country, particularly in the adult state. 

 Abundant in the eastern parts of Europe. Frequents rivers and lakes, 

 and also the sea-coast. Food, small fish, aquatic insects and vegetables. 

 Nest said to resemble that of the last species. Eggs three or four in 

 number. 



266. P. cornutus, Lath. (Sclavonian Grebe.) Bill 

 strong, shorter than the head, compressed throughout its 

 length ; black, the tip red : eyes with a double iris : distance 

 from the nostrils to the tip of the bill seven lines. 



