TRIGLA.] PISCES (OSSEI) ACANTHOPT. 339 



T. Pini, Block, Ichth. pi. 356. T. lineata, Mont, in Warn. Mem. 

 vol. n. p. 460. Flem. Brit. An. p. 215. Pine-leaved Gurnard, 

 Shaw, Nat. Misc. vol. xxn. pi. 954. Red Gurnard, Yarr. Brit, 

 fish. vol. i. p. 34. Grondin rouge, ou Rouget comraun, Cuv. et 

 Vol. Pom. torn. iv. p. 20. Cuv. Reg. An. torn. 11. p. 159. 



LENGTH. From twelve to sixteen inches. 



DESCRIPT. (Form.) Head large; body tapering from the nape to 

 the base of the caudal: greatest depth contained six times and a half 

 in the entire length; length of the head contained four times; thick- 

 ness three-fourths of the depth: profile falling obliquely, and making 

 with the cranium an angle of one hundred and thirty to one hundred 

 and forty degrees ; the descending line slightly concave : sides of the 

 head flat and nearly vertical; space between the eyes contracted and 

 concave : cheeks and upper part of the head rough with granulations 

 disposed in lines radiating from different centres : extremity of the snout 

 slightly emarginated, with three or four blunt denticulations on each side : 

 above the anterior angle of the eye two or three short spines : supra-sca- 

 pulars ending in a sharp point, of a semi-elliptic form, with the inner 

 margin denticulated : opercle with two short spines, not extending be- 

 yond the membrane; the upper one directed obliquely upwards, the lower 

 one backwards: clavicle likewise terminating in a short, but sharp, point: 

 lateral line straight, slender, bifurcating at the caudal extremity, and 

 almost perfectly smooth, as is the rest of the body, with the exception of 

 the dorsal ridges, which are deeply and strongly serrated : upper part of 

 the sides marked with a number of transverse parallel lines, intersecting 

 the lateral line nearly at right angles, and reaching as far below as above 

 it : both dorsals placed in a groove ; the first commencing above the 

 supra-scapulars, of a triangular form, with the first ray serrated ; second 

 ray longer and stouter than the others, equalling the depth of the body 

 at this point : second dorsal a very little behind the first, scarcely more 

 than half as high, but twice as long: anal answering to the second 

 dorsal, but commencing a little further backward : caudal slightly forked : 

 pectorals equalling one-fourth of the whole length, reaching a little be- 

 yond the vent; first seven rays branched, gradually decreasing; the rest 

 simple : veiitrals somewhat shorter than the pectorals ; the spinous ray 

 half as long as the soft ones, which are all branched : 



B. 7 ; D. 918; A. 17 ; C. 11, and some short ones; P. 11, & 3 free; V. 1/5. 



Number of vertebrae thirty-six or thirty-seven. (Colours.) The whole 

 body, fins included, rose-red ; the under parts somewhat paler : occasion- 

 ally the red is more or less clouded with brown and cinereous. 



Very abundant on the southern and western coasts, and generally 

 known by the name of the Red Gurnard. Is considered by many 

 authors as the T. Cuculus of Linnaeus, but since the characters in the 

 Sy sterna Natures apply equally well to two species, this must remain 

 doubtful. Feeds principally on crustaceous animals. Spawns in May 

 or June. 



11, T. lineata^ Gmel. (Streaked Gurnard.) Trans- 

 verse lines encircling the whole body : lateral line sharply 

 serrated : profile nearly vertical. 



T. lineata, Gmel. Linn, tom.i. pt. 3. p. 1345. Block, Ichth. pi. 354 

 Don. Brit. Fish. vol. i. pi. 4. T. Adriatica, Flem. Brit. An. p. 215, 

 Mullus imberbis, Will. Hist. Pise. p. 278. tab. S. 1. f. 1. Cuculus 



Y2 



