384 PISCES (OSSEI) ACANTHOPT. [ZOARCES. 



GEN. 28. ZOARCES, Cuv. 

 59. Z. viviparus, Cuv. (Viviparous Blenny.) 



Z. viviparus, Cuv. Reg. An. torn. n. p. 240. Blennius viviparus, 

 Linn. Syst. Nat. torn. i. p. 443. Block, Ichth. pi. 72. Don. Brit. 

 Fish. vol. n. pi. 34. Mustela vivipara, Will. Hist. Pise. p. 122. 

 tab. H. 3. f. 5. Gunnellus viviparus, Flem. Brit. An. p. 207. 

 Viviparous Blenny, Penn. Brit. Zool. vol. in. p. 211. pi. 37. Id. 

 (Ed. 1812.) vol. in. p. 283. pi. 41. Yarr. Brit. Fish. vol. i. p. 243. 



LENGTH. From ten to twelve, rarely fifteen, inches. 



DESCRIPT. (Form.) Slender, elongated : body sub-cylindric anteriorly, 

 compressed and tapering behind : skin smooth and naked : head small, 

 equalling about one-sixth of the entire length: snout blunt; upper jaw 

 thick, projecting a little beyond the lower: teeth conical, sharp, very 

 minute : lateral line indistinct ; its course straight, at half the depth of 

 the body: dorsal commencing at the nape and extending the whole 

 length, nearly even till just before its union with the caudal, where it 

 becomes suddenly depressed and appears notched ; all the rays soft and 

 articulated, but simple : anal commencing a little before the middle, even 

 throughout, also uniting with the caudal: this last rounded: pectorals 

 large and rounded : ventrals jugular, very small and narrow, of three 

 rays : 



B. 6 ; D., A. and C., about 150 ; P. 18 ; V. 3. 



(Colours.) Back and sides yellowish brown, stained and spotted with 

 dusky : a series of dark spots more or less well-defined along the dorsal 

 fin : under parts, and anal, yellowish. 



Found on many parts of the coast both in England and Scotland. 

 Stated by Pennant to be common in the mouth of the river Esk at 

 Whitby, Yorkshire. Keeps at the bottom, lurking beneath stones. 

 Feeds on small crabs. Is ovoviviparous. The young, according to 

 Bloch, from two to three hundred in number, are excluded in the 

 month of June. 



GEN. 29. ANARRHICHAS, Linn. 

 60. A. Lupus, Linn. (Wolf-Fish.) 



A. Lupus, Linn. Syst. Nat. torn. i. p. 430. Bloch, Ichth. pi. 74. 

 Don. Brit. Fish. vol. i. pi. 24. Flem. Brit. An. p. 208. Wolf- 

 Fish, Will. Hist. Pise. p. 130. c. xviii. tab. H. 3. f. 1. Ravenous 

 Wolf-Fish, Penn. Brit. Zool. vol. in. p. 151. pi. 24. Id. (Edit. 

 1812.) vol. in. p. 201. pi. 27. Wolf-Fish, Yarr. Brit. Fish. vol. i. 

 p. 247. 



LENGTH. From four to six feet; sometimes more. 

 DESCRIPT. (Form.) "Head a little flatted on the top: nose blunt; 

 nostrils very small ; eyes small, and placed near the end of the nose : fore- 

 teeth strong, conical, diverging a little from each other, standing far out 

 of the jaws ; commonly six above, and the same below, though sometimes 

 only five in each jaw ; these are supported within side by a row of lesser 

 teeth, which makes the number in the upper jaw seventeen or eighteen, 

 in the lower eleven or twelve : grinding teeth of the under jaw higher 

 on the outer than the inner edges, which inclines their surfaces inward ; 

 they join to the canine teeth in that jaw, but in the upper are separate 

 from them : in the centre are two rows of flat strong teeth, fixed on an 



