410 PISCES (OSSEI) MALACOPT. [CYPRINUS. 



has hitherto occurred in this country. According to Bloch, it prefers 

 clear rivers and large lakes, in which it deposits its spawn in the months 

 of March and April. Food, worms and aquatic mollusca. In general 

 appearance it somewhat resembles the last species, hut is much less deep 

 for its length, and darker in colour. Said rarely to exceed half a pound 

 in weight. 



90. C. Leuciscus, Linn. (Dace.) Elongated; depth 

 rather more than one-fifth of the length : upper jaw longest : 

 dorsal with ten rays : anal, pectorals, and ventrals, pale : 

 irides yellowish. 



C. Leuciscus, Linn. Syst, Nat. torn. i. p. 528. Bloch, Ichth. pi. 97. 

 Don. Brit. Fish. vol. iv. pi. 77. Turt. Brit. Faun. p. 109. 

 Leuciscus vulgaris, Flem. Brit. An. p. 187. Dace, Will. Hist. 

 Pise. p. 260. tab. Q. 10. f. 3. Penn. Brit. Zool. voL HI. p. 366. 

 Id. (Edit. 1812.) vol. in. p. 483. Bowd. Brit. fr. wat. Fish. 

 Draw. no. 11. Yarr. Brit. Fish. vol. i. p. 353. La Vandoise, 

 Guv. Reg. An. torn. n. p. 275. 



LENGTH. From eight to ten inches ; sometimes more. 



DESCRIPT. (Form.) More elongated than the Roach; the hack hut 

 slightly elevated: greatest depth one-fourth of the entire length, ex- 

 cluding caudal ; thickness half the depth : dorsal line continuous with 

 the profile, and deviating hut little from a straight line: head small; 

 one-fifth of the entire length, measured quite to the extremity of the 

 longest caudal rays : snout rather acute, viewed laterally, hut somewhat 

 rounded when viewed from above; upper jaw projecting beyond the 

 lower : eyes moderate ; distant from the end of the snout a little more 

 than the length of their diameter; the distance from one to the other 

 scarcely more than one diameter and a half: lateral line slightly de- 

 scending; its course, beneath the commencement of the dorsal, at just 

 two-thirds of the depth : scales smaller than in the Roach, with the 

 radiating striae posteriorly finer and more numerous; number in the 

 lateral line fifty- one; above it eight and a half; beneath four and a 

 half: dorsal commencing a little behind the middle point between the 

 extremity of the snout and the base of the caudal ; second ray longest, 

 equalling rather more than two-thirds of the depth : anal similar to the 

 dorsal, commencing in a line with the tip of that fin when folded back : 

 caudal deeply forked : pectorals and ventrals as in the Roach, the latter 

 a very little in advance of the first ray of the dorsal : 



D. 10 ; A. 11 ; C. 19, &c. ; P. 16; V. 9. 



(Colours.) Upper part of the head and back dusky, with a bluish cast ; 

 this last tint terminating at about one-third of the depth by a tolerably 

 well-defined hue : sides beneath, and belly, silvery : dorsal and caudal 

 fins dusky; pectorals, ventrals, and anal, very pale red: irides yel- 

 lowish. 



Common in deep rivers and other clear waters, but not so plentiful as 

 the Roach. Is gregarious. According to Bloch, spawns in June, but 

 according to other authors in February and March. Is very prolific, and 

 multiplies fast. Seldom attains to the weight of a pound, though Pen- 

 nant mentions one which weighed a pound and a half. Is sometimes 

 called a Dare. 



