412 PISCES (OSSEI) MALACOPT. [CYPRINUS. 



C. Cephalus, Linn. Syst. Nat. torn. i. p. 527. C. Jeses, Don. Brit. 

 Fish. vol. v. pi. 115. Leuciscus Cephalus, Flem. Brit. An. p. 187. 

 Chub or Chevin, Will. Hist. Pise. p. 255. tab. Q. 4. f. 2. Chub, 

 Penn. Brit. Zool. vol. in. p. 368. pi. 73. Id. (Edit. 1812.) vol. in. 

 p. 485. pi. 84. Bowd. Brit. fr. wat. Fish. Draw. no. 6. Yarr. 

 Brit. Fish. vol. i. p. 358. 



LENGTH. From sixteen to eighteen inches. 



DESCRIPT. (Form.) Oblong-oval, elongated, and subcylindrical : great- 

 est depth contained four times and a half in the entire length ; thickness 

 two-thirds of the depth: dorsal line continuous with the profile and nearly 

 straight; ventral rather more convex: head one-fifth of the entire length: 

 snout broad and rounded : gape large ; upper jaw projecting beyond the 

 lower : eyes rather small ; the space between them liat, equalling three 

 times their diameter: nostrils large: lateral line descending, following 

 the curve of the ventral line at about two- thirds of the depth: scales 

 large ; the free portion finely striated across, with six or eight diverging 

 radii from the centre ; the basal with finer and more numerous diverging 

 radii, the margin lobed ; number in the lateral line forty -five ; above it 

 seven and a half; beneath three and a half: dorsal commencing about 

 the middle of the back ; second ray longest, equalling two-thirds of the 

 depth: anal similar to the dorsal, commencing in a line with the tip 

 of that fin when folded down : caudal forked for nearly half its length : 

 pectorals and ventrals much as in the Roach; the latter a very little 

 in advance of the first ray of the dorsal, and having a narrow elongated 

 pointed scale in their axilla : 



B. 3 ; D. 10 ; A. 10; C. 19, &c. ; P. 19 ; V. 9, 



(Colours.) Back dusky green ; the sides and belly silvery : lateral scales 

 with the free portion dotted with black: cheeks and gill-covers with 

 gold reflections : irides pale yellow, almost white : dorsal and caudal fins 

 dusky; pectorals pale; anal and ventrals tinged with red, with the 

 exception of two or three of the last rays. 



Found principally in rivers. Lurks in holes and near the roots of trees. 

 Food, insects, worms, and the young of other fish. Spawns in April and 

 May. Attains to a weight of four or five pounds, sometimes more. Obs. 

 The C. Jeses of Linnaeus and Bloch, and which this last author supposes 

 to be the Chub of Pennant, is evidently distinct from this species, and 

 has not hitherto been identified as a native of Britain. 



93. C. Erythrophthalmus, Linn. (Rudd, or Red-Eye.) 

 Body deep : lower jaw longest : anal with fourteen rays : 

 sides and abdomen gilded; caudal, ventrals, and anal, 

 bright vermilion. 



C. Erythrophthalmus, Linn. Syst. Nat. torn. i. p. 530. Bloch, 

 Ichth. pi. 1. Don. Brit. Fish. vol. n. pi. 40. Turt. Brit. Faun. 

 p. 108. Leuciscus Erythroph. Flem. Brit. An. p. 188. Rudd or 

 Finscale, Will. Hist. Pise. p. 252. tab. Q. 3. f. 1. Rud, Penn. 

 Brit. Zool. vol. in. p. 363. pi. 72. Id. (Edit. 1812.) vol. in. p. 479. 

 pi. 83. Bowd. Brit. fr. wat. Fish. Draw. no. 21. Red-Eye, 

 Yarr. Brit. Fish, vol! T. p. 361. Le Rotengle, Cuv. Reg. An. 

 torn. n. p. 276. 



