336 A MANUAL OF DENTAL ANATOMY. 



beneath the upper lip, much as are the tusks of a boar ; 

 they do not, however, grow from persistent pulps, and are 

 absent in the female. 



Cuvier first pointed out that there was a relation between 

 the presence of horns and the absence of canine teeth ; the 

 latter, serving as weapons for sexual combat solely, and 



FIG. 144 (i). 



being, probably, in no other way of service to the animal, 

 are not required by an animal provided with powerful antlers 

 or horns, whereas the absolutely hornless musk deer would 

 be totally unprovided with weapons of offence were it not for 

 his canines. To the musk deer and the muntjac must be 

 added Swinhoe's water deer, Hydropotes inermis, and Michie's 

 deer, Elaphodus cephalopus, another small hornless species, 

 of which the males are furnished with formidable canine 

 teeth. 



Although, with the foregoing exceptions, all the deer, 

 oxen, sheep, antelopes, and the giraffe, animals constituting 

 the greater number of the " Ruminantia," are without canine 

 teeth, yet in the remaining family, the Camelidce, tusk-like 

 canines are met with. 



It is a character of the Artiodactyle Ungulata that the 



(*) Cranium of male Musk Deer (Moschus moschiferus). 



