180 URINALYSIS. 



Amorphous sediments, such as mates, phosphates, etc., are of 

 occasional occurrence. 



Laboratory exercise No. 68. Organic sediments. Obtain some cys- 

 titic urine by means of a pipette; apply a drop of the sediment to the 

 slide; cover and search for epithelium, noting- the forms of the cells; 

 search also for pus and bacteria. Of what significance are these ele- 

 ments ? 



Bacillus coli commune, Micrococcus urece, and the species of 

 Staphylococcus invariably occur in cystitic urine. What other ele- 

 ments do you observe ? Make a cover-glass preparation, and stain 

 with gentian- violet. Mount in water, and make a search for pus, 

 bacteria, epithelium, blood, crystals, and other structures. 



Obtain samples of urine from cases of nephritis, Bright ? s disease, 

 etc. Examine the sediments by the usual method, and demonstrate 

 epithelium, blood casts, bacteria, etc., such as may be present. 

 Patty, granular, epithelial, and blood casts may be easily demon- 

 strated. Hyaline casts should be precipitated by means of a centri- 

 fuge. A drop of the sediment is placed upon a slide containing 

 a cell, covered, and then examined. The casts are of small or large 

 diameter and transparent. 



Laboratory exercise No. 69. Crystals. Allow cystitic urine to stand 

 for twenty-four hours. Examine some of the sediment and determine 

 the kinds of crystals present by comparing their forms with those of 

 the illustrations on page 179. 



Clean five slips; upon each place a drop of urine. Allow the 

 first to dry without adding any reagent; to the second add a 

 small drop of ammonium hydrate; to the third, a drop of hydro- 

 chloric acid; to the fourth, nitric acid; and to the fifth, dilute sul- 

 phuric acid. When these preparations are dry, or nearly so, cover 

 and examine. Preparation No. 1 may exhibit crystals of calcium 

 oxalate, leucin, tyrosin, and uric acid ; No. 2 will exhibit crystals of 

 triple phosphate (Fig. 2) and calcium phosphate (Fig. 7) ; No. 3 

 may illustrate crystals of uric acid (Fig. 3) ; No. 4 will exhibit 

 nitrate of urea (Fig 5) ; and No. 5 will show crystals of calcium 

 sulphate ( Fig. 6 ) . Determine any other forms which may be ob- 

 served. 



