THE DIVERSIFIED FARM. 



155 



Cotton Seed' Thirty years ago in every South- 

 ern State the cotton seed was thrown away as worth- 

 less or used as fuel. For two-thirds of a century at- 

 tempts had been made to compress the oil that it 

 contains, but failure had followed failure. It was a 

 waste product until the saving hand of genius touched 

 it, and like magic a great industry sprang into exist- 

 ence, says the Industrial World. What had a few 

 years before -been left to rot at the cotton gin, rose in 

 value with a wonderful rapidity, until at onetime it 

 sold at $19 a ton. To-day the product of this country 

 exceeds $27,000,000 a year in value. Only one-third 

 the seed is used as yet, and this wonderful industry 

 but waits upon a market for the oil, either in adultera- 

 tions of lard or olive oil, or some more innocent occu- 

 pation, to triple its great output. 



Small Things. There are people who despise 

 the poultry business because it is a " little business." 

 The man who invented the return ball for children 

 to play with made $100,000 out of it. The man who 

 invented roller skates made $300,000 out of his inven- 

 tion, while the man who invented the game of pigs 

 in clover made $60,000. As a rule,, little things pay 

 the best. 



Sorghum is another valuable crop for feeding 

 cattle and other stock. George Schornich, on his 

 ranch near Mesa City, Arizona, last year raised thirty 

 tons to the acre. He raises many hogs and finds 

 that sorghum is an excellent feed for fattening pur- 

 poses in connection with alfalfa. He also saves and 

 sells the seed, which nets quite a sum per acre. 



Gardening in Arizona. There is a mint of 

 money in gardening in the more favored parts of 

 Arizona. It should be specialized and studied intelli- 

 gently. For instance, one party a mile south of 

 Phoenix, makes a specialty of celery and cauliflower. 

 He plants his ground in August and harvests his 

 15-pound heads of cauliflower from! Christmas on 

 figure on the profits, you who know about such things. 



Exportation of Cattle. Speaking of the decree 

 issued last week by the French government prohibit- 

 ing the importation of American cattle. Nelson Morris, 

 the well-known packer, in a recent interview, said: 

 "We shipped $18,000,000 worth of cattle and products 

 alone to France last year, and this great trade is ab- 

 solutely destroyed by the order of the French gov- 

 ernment. I knew this was coming some months ago, 

 and with the exception of two or three boat-loads no 

 cattle or product has been sent to France in the last 

 ten days. The effect of the German and Belgian 

 embargo has been to reduce the price of cattle of the 

 classes shipped to these countries by $10 a head, and 

 this French edict will even more injuriously affect 

 the stock prices. This has been the effect on prices, 

 notwithstanding the fact that the supply of cattle has 

 been Cut down to two-thirds on account of no feeding 

 supplies.' 1 



Capon Flesh. It is stated that Americans have 

 not been educated to appreciate capon flesh. Ameri- 

 cans have not been educated, as a whole, to ap- 

 preciate the best meats of any kind. But they are 

 learning all the time the difference between tasteless, 

 tough meats, and well flavored, tender and juicy 

 roasts and steaks. Farmers' Voice. 



peared in California from the Hawaiian Islands, and 

 the State Board of Horticulture is up in arms, watch- 

 ing every steamer that lands and seizing every bundle 

 of nursery stock as fast as it arrives. The Califor- 

 nians had a good lesson taught them when the San 

 Jose scale was imported from Peru.fourteen years ago. 



Protecting Fruit Trees. In using blood on fruit 

 trees to make rabbits sick and keep them from gnaw- 

 ing the bark, a beef liver is best and a swine liver is 

 scarcely any good at all. One ox liver is sufficient to 

 go over 2,000 small trees and an active man can go 

 1,500 trees in a day. Use a pair of old gloves in ap- 

 plying the liver and do not be finicky about the job. 

 In our Colorado climate one application of ox liver 

 will last four months ordinarily. 



Creameries. The Tempe, Arizona, Creamery is a 

 very successful enterprise. It turns out over 300 

 pounds of butter daily, which meets with ready sale 

 at the many towns and mining camps around. It is 

 operated by a company composed of the leading 

 farmers of the South Side and handles nearly all the 

 milk product for miles around. The milk is bought 

 at 70 cents per hundred pounds, and the butter brings 

 an average of about 35 cents per pound. An ice 

 plant is operated in connection, which supplies the 

 towns of Tempe and Mesa City with ice. 



European Fertilizing. Impoverished land is 

 now " vaccinated " on the continent of Europe. It is 

 generally known that land is enriched by planting it 

 occasionally with a leguminous crop, like clover or 

 lucerne, the roots of which absorb more nitrogen 

 than they take from the ground. Where the nitrogen 

 came from was the problem. Messrs. Hellriegel and 

 Willfarth have discovered that the absorption is due 

 to a minute organism, a sort of disease in the roots, 

 which, when the supply of nitrogen in the soil begins 

 to fail, appear as an excrescence, draw nitrogen from 

 the air, and so enrich the soil again. Experiments 

 have been made in France and Germany to hasten 

 the growth of the disease by sprinkling the fields 

 with soil in which the tuberculous crops have been 

 grown, or with water in which they have been steeped. 

 In Prussia a field was sown with lupins ; one part of it 

 was then treated in the ordinary way, the other inocu- 

 lated from an old lupin crop; the yield in the latter 

 part was five and a half times as great as in the 

 other. Farm and Fireside. 



Another Orchard Enemy. A new orchard 

 enemy known as the lecanium or soft scale has ap- 



Irrigating Raspberries. The editor of the 

 Rural New Yorker, who ought to know better, asks 

 editorially if the irrigation, of raspberries increases or 

 decreases the ravages of anthracnose. As the irri- 

 gated raspberries of Colorado never had this disease 

 we should infer that irrigation is not germane to the 

 question. Exchange. 



A Dairy Cow's Record. Mr. Chas. W. Nichols 

 gives the record of one of his dairy cows as follows 

 Came in March 2, 1894. Total milk in 9 months, 8,700 

 pounds. Sold to the Tempe Creamery for $60.90 

 skimmed milk returned worth $6.60, and calf sold 

 for $10, making a total return of $77.50for the season. 

 That shows what can be done with good cows on 

 alfalfa. 



Test for Starch in Potatoes. Put a. bushel of 

 potatoes into a barrel nearly full of water, and stir in 

 salt, the tubers of the lowest specific gravity, i. e., 

 those poorest in starch, will rise to the top first. Pick 



