CICUTA WATEIWIEMLOCK. 153 



ARCHANGELICA. 



Archangelica atropurpurea Hoffman. Great Angelica. 



Description. Calyx- teeth short. Corolla : petals elliptical, entire, with 

 an inflexed point. Fruit somewhat dorsally compressed, smooth ; carpels 

 with 3 rather thick carinated dorsal ribs, and with lateral libs dilated into 

 marginal wings ; seed becoming loose in the pericarp, and having numer- 

 ous oil-tubes which adhere to its surface. 



A large perennial herb. Stem 4 to 6 feet high, smooth, striate-sulcate, 

 dark purple. Leaves usually with large inflated petioles, 3-parted, the 

 divisions bipinnately divided ; segments of the secondary divisions 5 to 

 7, sharply cut-serrate, acute. Umbels somewhat globose after flowering, 

 6 to 8 inches in diameter ; flowers greenish-white, appearing in May and 

 June. 



Habitat. Low river banks, Pennsylvania to Wisconsin and northward. 



Part Used. The root not official. 



Constituents. Unknown, but probably similar to those of European an- 

 gelica, namely, a volatile oil, a somewhat acrid resin termed angelicin, and 

 common vegetable principles. 



Preparations. None are official. The drug is administered in powder 

 or infusion. 



Medical Properties and Uses. Angelica is aromatic, stimulant, diapho- 

 retic, and in large doses emetic. It has been employed with benefit in 

 chronic bronchitis, chronic rheumatism and gout, intermittent fever, etc. 

 Like many other remedies of similar properties, it is used in domestic 

 practice to promote the menstrual discharge. 



CICUTA. WATER-HEMLOCK. 



Cicuta maculata Linne. American Water- Hemlock, Spotted Cow- 

 bane, Musquash Root. 



Description. Calyx-teeth minute. Corolla : petals obovate with in- 

 flexed points, white. Fruit, sub-globose, laterally contracted ; carpels with 

 5 flattish, strong ribs, the intervals each with an oil-tube. 



A stout perennial herb, with tuberous roots. Stem 4 to 8 feet high, 

 finely striate with green and purple, and sometimes spotted. Leaves 

 thrice pinnately or ternately compound, the lower ones on long petioles ; 

 leaflets lanceolate or oblong, serrate, acuminate, with veins appealing to ter- 

 minate in the notches ; close observation, however, shows that they are con- 

 tinued along one side to the points of the teeth. Umbels without an invo- 

 lucre or with one of 1 or 2 leaflets. The flowers are produced in July and 

 August. 



Habitat. In swamps and wet places ; common everywhere. 



