238 VEGETATION 



Ouaiacum sanctum L. (Lignum vita?), 18 feet high; also a species of fig, 

 Metopium metopium (L.) Small (Poison-wood), Gymnanthes lucida Sw. 

 (Crab-wood), Bourreria havanensis (L.) Miers (Strong-back), Coccolobis 

 laurifolia Jacq. (Pigeon plum), IchtliyometMa piscipula (L.) Hitch. (Dog- 

 wood), Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg. (Gum-elemi), Acacia choriophylla 

 Benth., Tecoma bahamensis Northrop, Thouinia discolor Griseb., Citharexy- 

 lum quadrangulare Jacq., Chiococca parvifolia Willd., Bumelia microphytta 

 Griseb. (Ink-berry), Lantanas, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., with the vines 

 Smilax beyrichii Kunth, and Serjania subdentata (Juss.) Poir. Here also 

 grew Thrinax bahamensis Cook (Goat palm) in more or less abundance. On 

 a small cay in the large central lake was a magnificent grove of Rhizophora 

 mangle L., which reached a height of 30 feet. In its branches the black 

 cormorants were building in great number. 



The large central lake is bounded on the west by another high and 

 broader ridge. Its covering is very much like that of the other ridge just 

 described. The columnar Pilocereus lanuginosa Eumpl. occurred here, as 

 did also Opuntia tuna Mill. From the western base of this ridge there 

 extends another rocky Conocarpus-flat like that already described, which is 

 bounded eastward by a third salt lake. In the Conocarpus-flat, near the lake, 

 was growing a good deal of Vanilla articulata Northrop, climbing up into the 

 Conocarpus. On the sandy shore grew manchineel again, with the goat 

 palm and Conocarpus. 



About one-half mile north of Cockburn Town there are along the beach 

 some low sand dunes where Coccofhrvnax jucunda Sarg. (Silver palm) is 

 abundant. The gentle, landward slope of these dunes supports a low, scrubby 

 growth of such typical sand-growing plants as Solanum bahamense L., Tur- 

 nera ulmifolia L. (here called "Buttercup"), Plucliea fcetida (L.) B. S. P., 

 Baccharis dioica Vahl., Petitia pceppigii Schan., Ernodea littoralis Sw., Genipa 

 clusiifolia (Jacq.) Griseb., Phyllanthus epiphyllanthus L. (Hard-head), Pitlie- 

 colobium Tceyense Britton (Eam's horn), Cassia species, Eugenia confusa DC. 

 (Stopper), with the vines Rhdbdadenia biflora (Jacq.) Mill., Urechites andrew- 

 sii (Chapm.) Small, Smilax beyrichii Kunth, Jacquemontia jamaicensis 

 (Jacq.) Hall, species of Passiflora, and the trailing, parasitic Cassyfha. 

 Chloris petrcea Desv., Setaria glauca (L.) Scribn., and Cenchrus tribuloides 

 L. were the principal grasses here. As this slope approaches the fresh-water 

 marsh, there appeared distinct associations, almost pure, in series as follows : 

 (1) Pluctiea odorata (L.) Cass. ; (2) Lippia species; (3) Cladium effusum 



