40 



KEY TO WATERFOWL (Cont.) 



44' Greater coverts white (though black at bases); round white spot 



between eye and bill. COMMON GOLDENEYE, male 



45 Feet pink; triangular white patch on crown of head extending to 



cheeks; all coverts mainly white. BUFFLEHEAD, male 



45' Feet gray; head dark except for large white spot behind eye; wing 



coverts dark. BUFFLEHEAD, female and immature 



46 Speculum black and white with some greater coverts chestnut. 47 



46' Speculum containing bright metallic color: blue, green or blue- 

 green. 48 



47 Chestnut on coverts extensive, forming large patch on wing; rump 



black. GADWALL, male 



47' Chestnut on coverts very faint; rump brown. GADWALL, female 



48 Upper wing coverts light blue forming large blue wing patch. 49 

 48' Upper wing coverts not blue. 53 



49 Wing length >215 mm; bill spoon-shaped, widest at tip and > 56 mm 



long; feet red-orange. 50 



49' Wing <200 mm; bill not spoon-shaped, <50 mm long; feet yellow. 51 



50 Rump, head and neck green; belly and sides cinnamon; breast white. 



NORTHERN SHOVELER, male 



50' Generally brown all over. NORTHERN SHOVELER, female 



51 Generally brown all over, except in wings. 



BLUE-WINGED and CINNAMON TEAL, female 



51' Belly cinnamon, either very pale or very dark, rich color. 52 



52 Belly pale cinnamon (to buffy) with dark spots; head gray, with 



large white crescent in front of eye. BLUE-WINDED TEAL, male 



