V! CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



Scapulae. — Trachelo subscapularis, its Function hitherto unknown. — The 

 Great Dorsal and Pectoral as Propellers. — The Mastoido humeralis as an 

 E.xtensor. — The Muscles of the Shoulder- Blade. — The Pair of Muscles that 

 flex the Shoulder. — The Function of the Triceps in resisting the Fall of the 

 Body and in Locomotion. — Function of the Fle.xors of the Forearm. — High 

 Action. — Obstacles to a Full Understanding of the Functions of the Loco- 

 motive Muscles removed by the Camera. — Analysis of the Movements of the 

 Anterior Extremity. — Mechanical Points desirable in a Horse for Speed or 

 Strength. — Low Centres of Motion. — Long Levers. — Comparison between 

 the Anterior and Posterior Extremities. — Why Quadrupeds rise from Recum- 

 bent Positions with Difficulty. — Why Bo.xers and Others liable to be placed 

 suddenly on the Defence have their Limbs semiflexed. — Elements of 

 Speed 60 



CHAPTER V. 



Influence of Gravity constant. — Momentum accelerated. — The Law of Falling 

 Bodies and its Application to Locomotion. — The nearer the Trajectory of the 

 Centre of Gravity is to a Straight Line the more perfect the Locomotion. — 

 The Theory of Quadrupedal Locomotion stated. — -Analysis of the Run. — 

 The same in all the Domestic Animals. — The Bound of the Deer. — Why the 

 Flexor Tendons of the Fore Legs are more liable to be injured in the Run. — 

 What is the Gallop? — Objections of Artists answered. — Truth must prevail 

 over Conventionalism. — The Canter 83 



CHAPTER VL 



The Leap not properly a Pace. — Action in the Leap described. — The Danger 

 to be apprehended in the Leap. — The Standing Leap. — Correspondence in 

 the Action of the Horse in the Leap and the Deer in the Bound. — Action in 

 the Trot. — Distinction between a Step and a Stride. — The Difficulty to be 

 encountered in increasing the Speed of Trotters. — Difference in the Action in 

 the Trot and the Run. — Difficulty in restraining a Horse from breaking into 

 a Run explained. — Fast Trotting cultivated in America in Thoroughbreds. — 

 Trotting not Hereditary, but a Habit. — Theory and Mechanical Action in the 

 Trot. — The Action in Ambling, or "Pacing." — Definition of the Walk appli- 

 cable to Bipeds, not to Quadrupeds. — The Action in the Walk. — The Action 

 in the Pace known as Single-Foot 105 



CHAPTER VH. 

 Illustrations of the Paces 118 



Appendix 123 



