98 CONFORMATION AND ITS DEFECTS 



m n, while in the other it arises out of the more extended quarters, c D, 

 and greater obliquity and length of the shoulders, a b. 



The too great length arising out of the first-named cause is a serious 

 defect of conformation, as the loins in such cases are weak and badly 

 supported by the quarters, and the great distance between the posterior 

 scapular angle and the haunch, m n (which in a well-formed horse should 

 not exceed the length of the head), robs the back of that solidity and 

 strength which it would otherwise possess. 



Although undue length of body is a fault of conformation, it is capable 

 of being compensated within certain limits by the harmonious propor- 

 tions and disposition of the shoulder and croup. Indeed an animal so 

 constituted may surpass in symmetry and physical excellence one whose 

 length falls within the classical range of two heads and a half A strik- 

 ing example of this is shown in the illustration fig. 72. Here the body 

 of diagram 2 exceeds in length that of diagram 1 by one-sixth of a head, 

 but this difference, which under other circumstances would constitute a 

 serious defect, is compensated by a short back and a high development 

 and favourable inclination of the shoulders and quarters, a B, CD. 



AVIDTH 



Although dependent in a large measure on the amplitude of the osseous 

 framework, the width of the body is largely influenced by the development 

 of the muscles which envelop it. To appreciate the transverse diameter of 

 the trunk it is necessary that our inspections should be made from different 

 points of view, especially from before and behind, while a glance from 

 above will materially aid in rendering our estimate of the proportions of 

 this part more satisfactory and complete. In all varieties of the horse 

 ample width is essential to power and endurance; any shortcoming in this 

 respect not only betrays a lack of muscular development, but is usually 

 associated with flat sides and want of chest-room. Narrowness is a serious 

 defect of conformation. Viewed from the front the breast should be wide, 

 the shoulders muscular, the ribs well sprung, and the hips broad and full of 

 muscle. The magnitude of the body in this respect will vary for animals 

 of difterent types, but in due proportion it should be insisted upon in all. 

 In horses for speed width is e.specially desiralile behind, where the propelling 

 power resides, while too much in front would tend to encumber movement 

 and impose undue weight and wear on the legs. 



