CONTAGIOUS PNEUMONIA OF THE HORSE 33 



tioned. The main object of treatment should be to uphold the strength 

 and keep fever in check. For this purpose a dose of spirits of nitric ether 

 in combination with aromatic spirits of ammonia, with a little nitrate of 

 potash morning and evening, is usually sufficient. 



In cases where serious complications arise, such as pneumonia, bilious 

 fever, &c., skilled veterinary assistance must be employed. 



CONTAGIOUS PNEUMONIA OF THE HORSE 



The disease which has lately been described as contagious pneumonia 

 is generally included in the term influenza; it is, in fact, that form of the 

 infection in which the central respiratory system is specially implicated. 



Causes.- — -According to Schiitz, contagious pneumonia of the horse is 

 due to a specific organism, an ovoid bacterium, one of a very large class 

 of microbes, most of which are stained by aniline colours at both ends, 

 with the central portion transparent and colourless. 



Inoculations made with the microbe of contagious pneumonia of the 

 horse produce positive effects in mice, rabbits, pigeons, and guinea-pigs, 

 and injections into the lung structure of the horse produce all the symptoms 

 of contagious pneumonia. 



A considerable mortality attends this disease, reaching sometimes as 

 high as 20 per cent. Treatment of this disorder would not, of course, be 

 attempted by an amateur. 



GLANDERS AND FARCY 



It cannot be said that the horse is particularly subject to diseases which 

 are propagated by contagion, but it is certainly the case that the animal is 

 the victim of one malady which, from its insidious nature and the tenacity 

 with which it clings to the premises in which it breaks out, will bear com- 

 parison with any of the plagues which aff'ect the lower animals. 



Glanders and farcy, or, more correctly, the one disease glanders, or in 

 technical language ecjuinia, which, according to its manifestation in diff"erent 

 parts of the body, is distinguished by one or the other term, has a very 

 wide distribution and a history which is lost in the lapse of time. It 

 was known as far back as available records extend. According to an 

 article which was published in Vol. VI, Part 1 of the Journal of the 

 Royal Agricultural Society of England, 1895, the first English writer 

 on agriculture, Fitzherbert, says, in his Boke of Husbandry, published by 

 Pynson in 1523, when describing the " deseases and sorance of horses", 

 that " Glaunders is a desease that may be mended, and cometh of a 



Vol. II. 37 



