INSECTS AFFECTINC. PARK AND WOODLAND TKKES | I 



The two win>;'ecl Hies or Diptera include comparatively few s|)ecies 

 which are injurious to forest or shaile trees, anil most of these are of slii^^ht 

 importance. The yall-makini^ midges, Cecidomyidae, cause deformities in 

 various plants, but ordinarily they are of little commercial iin|)ortance. 

 They are easily tlistinguished from other galls, if they contain inhabitants, 

 by the peculiar jumping larvae which by bringing the extremities together 

 and then suddenly straightening, propel themselves an inch or more. 



The beetles or Coleoptera are a grou]) which includes some of the most 

 important and destructive enemies of trees. The flattened, metallic Bupres- 

 tidae are frecpiently met with in bright daylight, and their legless, white 

 larvae are easily recognized by the enormous, flattened head and the more 

 or less flattened body segments. They usually make wavy, irregular 

 galleries. 



The long-horned borers or Cerambycidae, are generally rather large 

 beetles, somewhat c)'lindric in shape and with long antennae ; in some cases 

 they are enormously developed. The white larvae are normally legless, 

 usually rounded, antl with the head only slightly flattened, and as a rule they 

 make well defined galleries more or less circular in section. This family 

 includes a large number of very destructive borers. 



The leaf feeders or Chrysomelidae are relatively abundant on various 

 trees, and some species are exceedingly numerous. The beetles present a 

 somewhat variable appearance both in color and shape, and the larvae are 

 equally diverse. The latter, normalh', have six legs, with rounded body, 

 and frequently there is an anal proleg ; as a rule they are leaf feeders. 



The weevils or Curculionidae may be easily recognized b\' the distinct 

 snout and hard shell or exoskeleton. The wood-boring grubs belonging to 

 this family are legless, curled and thickened anteriorly, and may work 

 either in bark or wood. 



The bark or wood borers, Scolytidae, are all small species, usually some- 

 what cylindric in shape and brown or black in color. Their wood-boring 

 larvae are legless, round, slightly thickened anteriorly and frequently smaller 

 than the erubs of weevils. 



