INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES 87 



where the pupal cell is excavated and the adults emerge from the somewhat 

 elliptic burrow. 



Food plants. This insect affects a number of trees, it having been 

 recorded from mountain asii, horse-chestnut, linden, box elder, beech, apple, 

 pear, plum, cherry, peach, oak, .sycamore, chestnut, hickory and soft maple, 

 and we have taken specimens on spruce and hemlock. 



Distribution. This species has a very wide distribution. I)r Hopkins 

 states that it occurs in Canada and in every state and territory in the I'nited 

 States and extends into Mexico. He adds that the species is quite variable, 

 though in a large series, the specific identity of all forms is easily demon- 

 strated. He comments briefly on some six forms which have been 

 characterized. 



Natural enemies. Several natural enemies have been reared from 

 the larvae. Dr Riley records obtaining Bracon char us Riley and 

 Cryptus grallator Say, besides a chalcid fly. 



Remedial measures. Comparatively little can be done for any except 

 the more valuable fruit and shade trees. Some protection undoubtedly 

 results from coating the trunk and larger limbs of the tree with a 

 repellant wash such as the carbolic soap wash, frequently used against the 

 round-headed apple borer, Saperda Candida Fabr. Repeated inspec- 

 tions in July and August should result in the detection of the borers, and it 

 is then comparatively easy to dig them out before much injury has been 



caused. 



Bibliography 



1890 Packard, A. S. U. S. Ent. Com, 5th Rep't, p. 64-69 



White ants 

 Tcrnics flavipcs Kollar 

 White, wingless antlike creatures, occurring in dead stumps or in decaying or other 

 timbers of houses, are familiar to most people. 



This species is an enemy of timber in houses, particularly in the 

 Southern States, and in the North it occasionally causes considerable 

 injury. This pest is met with somewhat commonly in hard pine stumps 



