NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



States that they were emerging freely on the 31st. July 30, 1898, he found 

 them abundant at Springfield Mass., feeding on cottonwood along the 

 Connecticut river. Adults were numerous at Winthrop as late as Sep- 

 tember 21. Professor Webster states that one adult was found by Pro- 

 fessor Burgess at Ashtabula O. ovipositing Oct. 5, 1901, which is in all 

 probability exceptionally late. The beetles may be said to occur from 

 early in July through August and into September to some extent. Ovi- 

 position presumably extends over a considerable period, and in most 

 instances, the eggs are probably laid at the base of the buds, or small 

 branches. 



Mr Burgess has observed this process and states that the female exca- 

 vates quite a cavity in the corky bark, the process occupying about 40 

 minutes, and then deposits the egg, which appears to be protected by a 

 mucilaginous secretion. The burrows of the young grubs occur around 

 buds and at the base of small limbs, and frequently partly girdle the stem. 

 The nearly full grown grubs or borers make galleries about y{i, inch in 

 diameter, and in the case of small trees it may frequently be carried nearly 

 half way around. The injury is indicated externally on willows by a purplish 

 discoloration of the bark on either side of the burrows, and by the drying 

 and shrinking of the thin bark directly over the gallery. The full grown 

 larva bores into the center of small stems, frequently for a distance of 3 or 

 4 inches. The pupal cell is found near the extremity of this burrow, the 

 pupa always being headed toward the exit. An examination of infested 

 nursery trees in April, 1900, showed that most of the grubs were in the 

 central part of the burrow, and apparently were full grown. There were 

 other small grubs working around the base of the buds and these probably 

 produce the late appearing beetles. The work of this species is repre- 

 sented on plate 16, fig. 8, 9 and on plate 32. Mr M. F. Adams observed 

 nearly the same thing May 23-25, 1900, taking many larvae; the smallest 

 being less than '25 inch long, and the largest 5 times that size. The 

 burrows of these smaller grubs, as observed by us frequently nearly 

 encircle the bud, and produce a brownish discoloration, different from the 



