INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES IO7 



New York for 12 or more years. A serious outbreak at Kinj^sbury, Wash- 

 ington CO., was brought to the attention of Dr Lintner in 1889. About 10 

 acres were defoliated at that time. These depredations, however, are insig- 

 nificant compared with those occurring in 1897 and following years. Prof. 

 John Mickleborough states that this species was very destructive to maple 

 and other forest trees at Jewett, Greene co. in 1897. The depredations of 

 this species at Andes, Delaware co., were complained of, but the most 

 serious damage occurred in the vicinity of Margaretville in the same county 

 where the pest was abundant enough to defoliate large areas. It not only 

 attacked the hard maple, but turned its attention to apple, pear, plum, beech, 

 birch, poplar and other trees. The ravages of 1897 were continued in 1898, 

 and considerable areas in St Lawrence, Oneida, Otsego, Greene and Warren 

 counties w^ere seriously injured. In not a few instances, hundreds of 

 acres were stripped of their leaves, and this outbreak was followed in 

 1899 by some very serious injuries. This w-as specially true in certain 

 cities and villages, and the local authorities of the infested places adopted 

 vigorous measures in many cases and offered rewards for the collection of 

 caterpillars and cocoons. The pest was so abundant in portions of Otsego 

 county as to interfere with the operation of railroad trains. One corre- 

 spondent reports that a train was stopped three times in passing between 

 two stations 8 miles apart. This pest caused less injury in 1900, though it 

 was very abundant in som ; orchards in Greene and Columbia counties, and 

 in 1901, the injury was still less, though far from being inconspicuous. 



Extensive depredations in other localities. This insect has been 

 extremely injurious in a number of other states, in some instances defo- 

 liating hundreds of square miles. One of the earliest accounts is the 

 record of Abbot, whom Dr Riley quotes, stating that it " is sometimes so 

 plentiful in Virginia as to strip the oak-trees bare." In his 3d report \scc 

 citation], Dr Riley credits this species with completely stripping the 

 "over-cup timber" on the overflow bottoms near Des Arc Ark., and 

 records extensive injuries by it in many parts of Missouri. In the 8th 

 Report on the Inseets of Missouri, it is stated that this species stripped oak 



