INSECTS AFFECTING I'ARK AND WOODLAND TKEES 185 



She is liijht nx'IIow in color and about ' 5 inch Ion*;-. Tlie H.^ht )cllow eggs 

 are very abundant in the waxy secretion, and measure about 'j-z, inch in 

 length. The young female is pale yellow, elongated oval, and tapers gently 

 toward each entl. The young male is reddish )ellow, and the adult red. 

 The young remain on the leaf after emerging from the eggs, unless it is 

 too crowded, when the\' crawl tlown the petiole and seek food on a healthy 

 leaf. The males on attaining full growth, become restless and wander over 

 the trunks and limbs for from 7 to 10 days and finally secrete themselves 

 beneath the rougher outer bark of the tree and transform to pupae. The 

 white, oval male cocoons were present in thousands on the bark of the hard 

 maples under observation at Albany in 1901. The perfect insects appear 

 in about 15 days, and by this time the females have attained maturity, left 

 the leaves and are wandering about on the limbs or trunk. The growth of 

 the females is rapid after pairing and they soon settle on the undersioe of 

 the leaf, seldom crowding each other. Miss .Smith states that not more 

 than three or four remain on a leaf, while Dr Howard records as many as 

 13 on the underside of a single leaf, and specimens collected at Albany 

 have borne nearly as many. The waxy secretion soon becomes very dense, 

 and the eggs are pushed out into it, both the secretion and the number of 

 eggs increasing proportionally. One individual may deposit over 500. Miss 

 Smith's observations at Peoria showed that there were three generations 

 each year, and that the winter is passed by young in crevices of the larger 

 limbs and in that latitude the\- may be quite active during warm da_\-s. 

 The second brood hatches in June, and the third in August, the )-oung of 

 the latter generation over-wintering. Dr Howard calls attention to the fact 

 that the young of all generations have the habit of migrating to the trunk 

 of the tree, in the earlier generations, however, they remain on the bark for 

 only a short period, while the young of the last, as previously stated, winter 

 on the trimk. 



Natural enemies. Miss Smith succeeded in breeding a minute Chalcid 

 fly, R h o p u s c o c c o i s Smith, which frequently deposits its eggs on the 

 female about the time of oviposition. Miss Smith also observed a syrphus 



