INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES 2O7 



been seen in considerable numbers aI)out infested trees in Albany but it 

 was not observed feeding- on the pest. Many llies and other insects are 

 attracted to Infested limbs l)y the al)undant hone\de\v. 



Remedies. Spraying with a contact insecticide, kerosene emulsion or a 

 whale oil soap solution, is probably the best remedy for this insect. This 

 treatment will be most effective if given early in the spring just after the 

 hibernated forms have molted or soon after the \oung make their appear- 

 ance. A solution four times the normal strength is necessary to kill the 

 insects late in the fall. Small trees have been effectually cleaned by 

 going over them with a stiH brush and this would be more effective 

 were it done in early spring and the brush kept well wetted with kerosene 

 emulsion or whale oil soap solution. A good stream of cold water would 

 be much better than nothing and when directed against the masses of 

 females could hardly fail to wash off large numbers. This latter method is 

 advisable only where a good head of water and hose is convenient. 



Bibliography 

 1896 Lintner, J. A. Ins. X, V. uth Rep't, ]>. 292-98 



1898 Felt, E. P. X. V. State Mus. Bui. 20, p. 10-18 



1899 Fish. Game and For. Com. 5th Rep't, p. 375-73 



Elm scurfy scale 



C/u'o)tasp/s aiucr/caiia Johns. 



A whitish, irregularly oval insect, about js inch in length, and with a yellowish speck 

 at the slightly elongated anterior point, may frequently be observed on American elms. 



This species appeared to be a very common one in Xew York State, 

 for all that it was not characterized till 1895. The reason for this is that in 

 all probability it has been confused with the exceedingly common, widely 

 distributed scurfy scale, Chionaspis furfurfa Fitch. 



This species sometimes becomes very abundant and is destructive to a 

 certain extent, but in New York .State at least we have met with very few 

 trees which showed serious injury as a result of its presence. 



Life history. The insect passes the winter in the *tgg stage, the young 



