230 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



green. Hundreds of scales could be counted on a single leaf, and the 

 attack was so severe that a number of the trees were very nearly killed. 



Description. The scale of this insect is oval, elongated, snow white in 

 color, and with the small, yellow cast skins at the smaller ends. This 

 species can be easily recognized by reference to plate 19, figure 9. 



Life history. This insect is recorded as passing through two genera- 

 tions annually in the northern United States. Hibernation occurs in the 

 esfS' stasfe, 20 to 27 esfofs beinef found under each scale, according to Mr 

 Cooley, who states that he has seen the egg hatch at Amherst Mass., 

 May 25, while we have observed the young in Albany May 12. Dr 

 Le Baron has, recorded them hatching May 10 to 25, and Dr Riley, as 

 early as April 25. Dr Le Baron states that the first eggs which hatch 

 produce only male insects, while the later individuals are females. The 

 young crawl about over the leaves for two or three days, then come to rest 

 and begin feeding. The latter author states that the young males settle 

 entirely on the old leaves, while the females usually migrate to the tender 

 needles at the ends of the twigs. Mr Cooley states that this does not 

 seem to be a fixed habit since, after watching this insect, he did not observe 

 this marked difference in the place of settling of the two sexes. The 

 male requires about 10 days for the development of its scale, and the 

 female, three weeks. The male develops much more rapidly than the 

 female and he matures at the time the latter is passing through her second 

 molt, immediately after which pairing takes place. Mr Cooley states that 

 it is impossible to separate the two broods of this insect, as the time of 

 hatching extends over so long a period that scales in all stages of develop- 

 ment can be found any time during the summer. He adds that he is not 

 at all sure there are not three broods in the latitude of Amherst Mass. 

 Dr Le Baron states that females complete their development and commence 

 laying eggs in July which begin hatching the first of August, and continue 

 till the middle of September. These produced the second brood of 

 young and the adult females resulting therefrom lay eggs which remain in 

 that staee throueh the winter and sjive rise to the first brood the following 



