330 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



occurring rather widely on the English oak. This species was first reported 

 from New York State by Professor Lowe who found the insect in 1894 very 

 abundant on oaks at Geneva. He states that the species was present in 

 great numbers and that two trees at the northern end of the row were 

 nearly leafless and apparently dying. They were badly infested with the 

 scales from the highest branches to nearly the base of the trunk, and the 

 next two trees were apparently succumbing to the pest, since most of the 

 lower limbs had not produced leaves and some of the smaller branches were 

 dead. Prof. W. C. Sturgis records the presence of this insect on English 

 oak at New Haven in 1895, and this species was brought to Prof. C. H. 

 Fernald's attention in 1897, when it was found on golden oak at Worcester 

 Mass. 



Description. This scale may be easily recognized by its bright 

 yellowish golden color, its circular convex form, and by the deep oval 

 depressions it makes in the twig. It is, as previously stated, about i, ',(, inch 

 in diameter. See plate 12, figure 5. 



Life history. The 

 young of this insect 

 begin to appear in the 

 latitude of Washing- 

 ton D. C, about the 

 first of May, and at 

 Geneva N. Y., they 

 were first observed 

 May 29, 1895 by Pro- 

 fessor Lowe. Profes- 



„ . , Fig. 63 Habrolcpis d..: man 11 i, dorsal view of female. (After Howard, U. S. 



sor .Sturgis records Dep't Agric. div. Em. bui. 17, isgs) 



their appearance in April under laboratory conditions, and states that 

 this is probably at least two weeks earlier than normal. The insect evi- 

 dently passes the winter in the adult or nearly full grown condition. 



Natural enemies. Nothing had been recorded concerning the natural 

 enemies of this species in America prior to 1898, when Dr Howard called 



