484 APPENDIX. 



were formerly stone pillars erected, such as Orsedd or Meine Gwyr, or 

 Cronlech, for the performance of their religious rites. Amongst the old 

 names given to Oswestry, not one of them has the word Llan to them ; and 

 possibly this may be the reason, because there was no Llan or grove there, 

 nor any church in former days, but a monastery ; for the church which 

 belonged to the town was built at Llwynymaen, where the Llwyn originally 

 was, and was called Llanforda church, or alonn, a grove of trees for patri- 

 archal worship, whence proceeds the Welsh word Llaii, which, although it 

 doth not signify a church, although at such places there generally is a church, 

 because it was formerly a grove, or Druid place of worship ; and the first 

 preachers of Christianity to their followers, did in general erect their churches 

 near to these groves, in order, by this means, and slow innovations of the 

 patriarchal into that of the Christian, to convert them, which at length was 

 accomplished; for there are many places where now there are no churches 

 that are called Llan, from there having been groves there. * * 

 Llwynymaen, now mostly taken down, was an ancient stone edifice, in form 

 of a castle, built very strong, with a square high tower at each end of it ; had 

 a gateway before the entrance, and strong doors thereto, and had once been 

 walled round. All the demesne of Llanforda once belonged to it. It hath 

 been for nearly 200 years past in the family of Llwhyd, the last whereof was 

 Edward Lloyd, who died about 1557. Llanforda was given to a branch of 

 that family, who were Lloyds of Llanforda for many years, until by marriage 

 it came into the family of Williams. Edward Llwhyd, the antiquary, who 

 published the ' Archaeologia Britannica ' in 1707, was born there. His father, 

 Edward Llwhyd, lived there; and during his life he kept a small light 

 carriage, with four wheels, which was drawn by dogs ; and he frequently 

 used to ride in it, and drove his dogs to Oswestry, on which account the 

 public-house now called ' The Coach and Dogs/ which was then his property, 

 had the sign of the Coach and Dogs." 



Mr. Dovaston has in his possession a curious ancient stone sun-dial, found, 

 in 1819, among some ruins at Llwynymaen, having on it the initials and 

 arms of Edward Lhwyd, without gnomon, showing the hour on five surfaces, 

 the edges of the curved hollows acting as gnomons, and casting their shadows 

 on the hours. 



APPENDIX C. 



The following notices, extracted from the volumes of the ' Philosophical 

 Magazine ' for 1828 and 1829, of the commemoration of the second centenary 

 of the birthday of Bay, would have been more appropriately published with 

 the 'Memorials,' but the Editor was not at that time aware of their 

 existence. 



COMMEMORATION OF THE SECOND CENTENARY OF THE BIRTHDAY OF RAT. 



A meeting is about to take place in London, which, to judge from the 

 name of the gentleman who has consented to take the chair, and from the 

 stewards who have undertaken to act on the occasion, may be regarded as a 

 national festival in honour of our distinguished naturalist Ray. Throughout 

 the whole of a long and industrious life, that enlightened observer and sys- 



