18 COTTON 



But these problems hardly began to be urgent be- 

 fore they were solved. Hargreaves, Arkwright, 

 Watt, Cartwright and others with their now fam- 

 ous inventions, showed how to make one man's 

 labor yield more than that of ten men had done 

 before and succeeded, even if the mad mob did 

 scour the country in search of the new machines 

 they believed would take the bread from the mouths 

 of the laborers. 



AMERICA BEGINS TO SUPPLY ENGLAND'S WANTS 



And just as the English spinners learned how 

 to spin and weave cotton fast enough, just then 

 America answered her question as to where she 

 could get the raw material. 



Cotton, on a small scale, was grown in America 

 from the time of the earliest settlements. In 1621 

 the first planting was made in Virginia. The first 

 permanent settlers in North Carolina in 1664 grew 

 cotton as one of their principal crops, and forty 

 years later cotton furnished one-fifth of the cloth- 

 ing used by the people of the State. South Carolina 

 began cotton culture in 1766, and Georgia early in 

 the eighteenth century. 



"Barrels of cotton" and "bags of cotton" soon 

 began to be mentioned as articles of export to Eng- 

 land, and in 1751 it appears that one Henry Han- 

 sen shipped "in good order and well conditioned, 

 in and upon the good scow called the Mary, where- 

 of is master under God, for this present voyage, 

 Barnaby Badgars, and now riding in the harbour 

 of New York, and by God's grace bound for Lon- 

 don to say, eighteen bales of cotton wool, being 

 marked and numbered," etc. In 1786 Liverpool 



