806 COTTON 



In looms, improvements have also been made 

 that have contributed to greater ease in weaving. 

 The old loom necessitated stopping whenever the 

 yarn in the shuttle was exhausted and until a 

 freshly filled shuttle could be inserted. Now such 

 improvements have come that the shuttle may be 

 filled without being removed and without replacing 

 the shuttle itself, in either case without stopping the 

 loom at all. This is a matter of considerable con- 

 sequence since as much as one-half of the labor 

 cost of converting a pound of cotton into woven 

 cloth is in weaving. 



WHAT BECOMES OF YARN ? 



Yarns are used in many ways. In our country 

 spinning and weaving are usually done by one and 

 the same establishment. But in Great Britain 

 and on the continent of Europe, the spinning and 

 weaving operations are almost invariably separate, 

 and as a rule bear no relation to each other. 



Throughout the cotton manufacturing world a 

 great part of the yarn goes at once into plain cotton 

 cloth. It is also used for warp in woolen and 

 worsted goods, and also for knitting into under- 

 wear. Considerable quantities of yarn are used 

 for this purpose. 



For sewing thread and the finest grade of cotton 

 thread for weaving, Sea Island cotton is principally 

 used on account of its length,evenness and strength. 

 After it has been spun into yarn it is next con- 

 verted into thread by doubling and twisting until 

 it is of the desired thickness and strength. 



COTTON MANUFACTURING IN AMERICA 



As early as 1787 records show that Great Brit- 

 ain consumed nearly 23,000,000 pounds of cotton. 



