COTTON IN INDIA 63 



About one-half of the crop is used in the Indian 

 mills, whilst the remainder is distributed to Japan, 

 Germany and other countries as shown by the follow- 

 ing statement of exports during 1913-14. 



Exports of Raw Cotton (1913-14) 



Quantity. Value. 



Thousands of Ib. . 



Japan .... 539,567 12,934,223 



Germany .... 189,064 4,001,628 



Belgium .... 126,905 2,820,900 



Italy . . . . 95,04i 2,121,177 



Austria-Hungary . . 83,669 1,949,417 



France .... $8,71% i, 349,195 



United Kingdom . . 43>no 957,35 1 



Spain .... 18,696 448,502 



Hong Kong . . . 12,273 264,895 

 China (exclusive of Hong 



Kong and Macao) . 9,487 226,065 



Other countries . . 13,617 288,302 



Total . , . 1,190,147 27,361,655 



The comparative magnitude of the cotton growing 

 industry in different parts of India is shown by the 

 following estimates (page 64) of the areas under cul- 

 tivation and the quantities produced in the various 

 Provinces and Native States in the year 1913-14. 



Numerous attempts have been made from time to 

 time to effect an improvement in the cottons of India. 

 Strenuous efforts were made by the East India Com- 

 pany in 1829-1841, and were especially directed to 

 the introduction and acclimatisation of American 

 Upland varieties. These endeavours, however, met 

 with failure everywhere except in Dharwar. In 

 this district a New Orleans variety was established, 

 which is regarded as the parent form of the cotton 

 now produced (compare pages 67-68). 



