WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 163 



The Upper Division of the Lower Freeport is usually a 

 massive, gray sandstone, somewhat resistant to erosion. It 

 appears frequently along the Little Kanawha and its tribu- 

 taries in southern Lewis. In Chapter IV it is noted in many 

 of the sections published for both counties, as recorded in oil 

 well borings. 



The Lower Division of the Lower Freeport is the most 

 important single ledge of the Allegheny Series in Lewis. It 

 is a great massive, gray cliff rock, making a line of bluffs, 50 

 to 75 feet thick, along the Little Kanawha and its tributaries, 

 and being an important marker for the L T pper Kittanning Coal, 

 which ^lies just above it. Its position may be readily deter- 

 mined by the outcrop line for the Upper Kittanning Coal 

 shown on Map II. In Chapter IV numerous sections pub- 

 lished for both counties show this sandstone recorded in oil 

 well borings. It is usually noted as the "Gas Sand" by the 

 drillers. No quarries were observed on this ledge, but it 

 would make good material for bridge piers and abutments 

 and other work of similar character. The section for Cleve- 

 land shows it to be a massive cliff rock, 35 feet thick and con- 

 taining abundant plant fossils in its base, identified by David 

 White, Chief Geologist of the U. S. Geological Survey, as 

 Sigillaria of the Rhytidolepis group, photographs of which by 

 Dr. Price are shown in Plates XXIII(a) and XXIII(b). Xo 

 quarries were observed, but it could be utilized for rough 

 masonry. It is also a conspicuous feature just south of Duffy, 

 where it forms the falls of Glady Creek at the mill, being a 

 great cliff rock 40' thick, as shown by Plate I. 



THE UPPER KITTANNING COAL. 



The Upper Kittanning Coal, named by Messrs. Platt and 

 Lesley from its occurrence in Pennsylvania, and belonging 

 just above the Lower Division of the Lower Freeport Sand- 

 stone, is one of the most persistent seams found in the Alle- 

 gheny Series in Lewis, being present in considerable thickness 

 at nearly all points along its outcrops as shown on Map II. 

 The bed section is usually about 4' thick and nearly always 

 contains one slate parting near the middle. In Chapter IV, 



