WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 605 



side of the Little Kanawha River at Glenville, was designed 

 to make building brick from river clay, but has not been oper- 

 ated for several years. The equipment includes an Iron 

 Quaker Brick Machine, run by horse power, having a capacity 

 of 10,000 daily, according to A. N. West. Natural gas is used 

 for fuel, $60 worth being required at 10 cents per thousand 

 cubic feet to burn 150,000 brick. The river clay, where the 

 plant is located, is 31 feet thick, the upper 17 feet being quar- 

 ried and tempered with about 10 per cent, of sand from the 

 bed of the river. The clay burns to a dull red color. 



AVAILABLE CLAY AND SHALE. 



Transported Clay. 



Along the flood plains of the West Fork and Little Ka- 

 nawha Rivers, as well as on some of the smaller streams, are 

 vast deposits of clay, varying in thickness from 5 to 30 feet, 

 that are well suited for making common building brick, the 

 demand for which increases with the ever increasing cost of 

 lumber. No attempt is made to name these deposits in detail 

 but Map II, showing the alluvial deposits in yellow, will be a 

 guide to their occurrence. It should be remembered that 

 plants operating in such abundant material must seek their 

 advantage over competitors by securing the most favorable 

 locations for distribution, fuel and cheapness of handling raw 

 material. 



Residual Clay. 



Residual clay, which is derived from weathered rocks, and 

 is still in its original location, is not of sufficient importance 

 to be classed as a brick making material in the two coun- 

 ties but such as there is of it should rather be classed as soil, 

 more valuable for agricultural than for other purposes. 



Stratified Shales. 



Stratified shales, composed principally of silica and alum- 

 ina, and lying between the sandstone ledges of the Carbonifer- 

 ous rocks, compose a large percentage of the surface measures 



