. XLVI. V 99 



N^ 



Perca, perch ; Esox, pike ; intermediate between Pikes and 

 Perches.) 



FAMILY XLVI. MUGrlLID^. (THE MULLETS.) 



Body oblong, with large cycloid scales ; no lateral line ; mouth 

 small, nearly toothless; upper jaw protractile; gill membranes free 

 from isthmus ; gill rakers long, slender ; pseudobranchiae large. 

 Dorsals separate, the anterior with four spines ; anal similar to soft 

 dorsal, its spines 2 or 3. Air-bladder large; intestinal canal long; 

 vertebrae 11 -f- 13 = 24. Genera 5, species 75; in fresh waters 

 and seas of warm regions, feeding on mud. 



a. Jaws with tooth-like cilia; stomach muscular, gizzard-like; anal spines 3. 



MUGIL, 112. 



112. MUGIL (Artedi) Linnaeus. (Ancient name from mulgeo, 



to suck.) 



a. Adipose eyelid well developed. (Mugil.) 

 b. Soft D. and A. nearly naked; A. Ill, 8. 



245. M. cephalus L. STRIPED MULLET. COMMON MULLET. 

 Silvery, darker above ; dark stripes along the rows of scales ; a 

 dusky blotch on base P. Head 4 ; depth 4. D. IV - I, 8. Scales 

 40-13. L. 24. Warm seas ; common N. to Cape Cod. ascending 

 streams. (M. albula L.) (Eu.) (An old name, from Kec/mAjJ, 

 head.) 



bb. Soft D. and A. scaly; A. Ill, 9. 



246. M. curema Cuv. & VaL WHITE MULLET. BLUE-BACK 

 MULLET. LIZA. Silvery ; scales without dark stripes ; a dark 

 spot at base P. ; P. not nearly reaching D. Head 4 ; depth 4. 

 D. IV -I, 8. Scales 38-12. L. 18. Warm seas, N". to Cape Cod, 

 scarce N. {M. brasiliensis Giinther, not of Agassiz.) (A Brazilian 

 name.) 



FAMILY XLVII. ATHERINID^l. (THE SILVERSIDES.) 



Body elongate, compressed, with cycloid scales ; no lateral line ; 

 mouth moderate ; teeth small ; opercles unarmed ; gill membranes 

 free ; pseudobranchias present ; gill rakers slender. Dorsals well 

 separated, the first of 3 to 8 slender spines ; A. similar to soft D., 

 with one spine ; V. I, 5 ; air-bladder present ; vertebras numerous. 

 Genera 8 ; species 50, fishes living in schools along coasts of warm 

 regions, a few in rivers, (ddfpivrj, the old name from a^p, a dart.) 



a. Premaxillaries freely protractile ; their posterior end broad ; teeth in bands. 



none on vomer; a silvery band along side. 



b. Jaws both short, the upper scarcely longer than eye. . . MENIDIA, 113- 



bb. Jaws both produced in a short beak ; the upper about half longer than 



eye LABIDESTHES, 114. 



