154 TELEOSTEI: ACANTHOPTERI. XX. 



427. L. liparis (L.). SEA SNAIL. Body thick; yellowish with 

 purplish stripes. Disk 2 in head. Head 4; depth 3. D. 33. 

 A. 28. P. 34. L. 5. Cape Cod, N. (Eu.) 



FAMILY LXXVIII. CYCLOPTERIDJE- 

 (THE LUMP SUCKERS.) 



Closely related to the Liparididce, but with the body short and 

 thick, covered with thick skin, which is often tubercular or spinous. 

 Vertebrae fewer, about 28. Adhesive ventral disk well developed, 

 enabling the fishes to fasten themselves firmly to rocks. Genera 3 ; 

 species 4. In the Arctic seas. 

 a. Spiuous dorsal present; skin with bony plates and tubercles. 



b. Dorsal spines not disappearing ; gill opening a small slit on level of eye ; 

 sucking disk large EUMICROTREMUS, 197. 



bb. Dorsal spines in adult enveloped in a fleshy hump; gill openings larger; 

 disk small CYCLOPTEKUS, 198. 



197. EUMICROTREMUS Gill. (ev/UKpo'y, very small ; rpr^ia, 

 aperture.) 



428. E. spinosus (Miiller). Shields with small tubercles and 

 slender flexible prickles. Olivaceous, the naked skin punctate. 

 Head 3; depth 2. D. VII- 11. A. 10. C. 10. Maine, N. (Eu.) 

 (Lat., spined.) 



198. CYCLOPTERUS (Artedi) Lmnasus. (KVK\OS, circle; 



TTTfpOV, fin.) 



429. C. lumpus L. LUMP-SUCKER. LUMP-FISH. Shields 

 without spines. Olivaceous, punctulate; young black, with green 

 specks (Kingsley). Head 3f ; depth 2. D. VII-10. A. 10. L. 15. 

 Chesapeake Bay, N. (Eu.) (English, lump.) 



HAPLODOCI. The next group shows no close relation to any 

 other of our families. On account of the simple post-temporal (bifur- 

 cate in most fishes), Professor Cope has made of the BATRACHID^E 

 a special suborder, HAPLODOCI. 



FAMILY LXXIX. BATRACHID^l. (THE TOAD-FISHES.) 



Body depressed anteriorly, with compressed tail ; head large, de- 

 pressed, with well-developed mucous channels; mouth very large, 

 with strong teeth; gills 3, a slit behind the last; no pseudobranchise ; 

 gill membranes broadly united to isthmus ; no bony suborbital stay ; 

 post-temporal (suprascapula) undivided; scales cycloid, small or 

 wanting; dorsals separate, the first of 2 or 3 low stout spines, the 

 second, like the anal, very long. V. jugular, I, 2 or I, 3 ; P. broad, 

 procurrent; no pyloric caeca. Vertebrae 30 to 45. Carnivorous fishes, 

 chiefly of warm seas, some of them very large. The young attach 

 themselves to rocks by means of an adhesive ventral disk, which 



