232 AVES : ANSERES. XXXV. 



and black, the dark waved lines unbroken ; breast, rump, etc., 

 black ; belly white ; speculum bluish gray, tipped with white ; 9 

 duller; bill and feet dull bluish. L. 20. W. 10. T. 3. B. 2|. 

 N. Am., abundant. 



b. Bill as long as middle toe without claw, its tip flattened, the nail little 



hooked. (Aristonetta Baird.) 



700. A. vallisneria (Wilson). CANVAS-BACK DUCK. Head 

 and neck dark reddish brown ; black wavy lines on back broken, 

 the whitish predominating; bill dusky. L. 23. W. 9. T. 3. 

 B. 2. N. Am.; especially coastwise in winter; a bird highly 

 valued by epicures, but ordinarily not superior to any of the river- 

 ducks. (Vallisneria spiralis, the "Water Celery," on which the 

 bird feeds.) 



CM. Bill wider toward end than at base ; $ with head and neck black. (Fu- 

 ligula Stephens.) 



c. Speculum white, tipped with black. 



701. A. marila (L.). BIG SCAUP DUCK. BLUE BILL. RAFT 

 DUCK. FLOCKING FOWL. Head, neck, and breast black; no 

 ring about neck ; back and sides whitish, the back finely waved 

 with black; 9 with face white; the head and neck snuffy brown. 

 L. 20. W. 9. Northern regions, the American bird is var. 

 nearctica Stejneger, its 6 inner quills without white on inner web. 

 (/iapiXq, charcoal.) 



702. A. affinis (Eyton). LESSER SCAUP DUCK. Similar, but 

 smaller; the sides vermiculate with blackish. L. 16. W. 8. T. 

 2. N. Am. (Lat., related.) 



cc. Speculum bluish gray. 



703. A. collaris (Donovan). RING-NECKED DUCK. $ with an 

 orange brown collar about neck ; blackish above ; crissum black ; 

 lower parts white ; wings brown ; 9 chiefly brown, without collar. 

 L. 18. W. 8J. T. 2f. N. Am. (Lat., collared.) 



356. GLAUCIONETTA Stejneger. (yXau/aop, an old name ; 

 VTJrra, duck.) 



704. G. clangula (L.). GOLDEN-EYE. GARROT. head puffy, 

 glossy green with a round white spot before eye not touching bill ; 

 upper parts black ; white continuous on outer surface of wing ; 9 

 head duller, snuff-colored and scarcely puffy, the body brownish. 

 L. 16 to 19. W. 8J. T. 3\. N". Am., common ;" meat bad, rank 

 and fishy." (En.) The Amer. bird is var. americana Bonap. 



705. G. islandica (Gmelin). BARROW'S GOLDEN-EYE. Similar ; 

 head almost crested in $ ; gloss of head purplish ; a roundish white 

 space before eye touching base of bill ; white of wing divided by a 

 dark line ; 9 head dark brown. L. 22. W. 10. T. 3f. N. U. S. 

 and N. ; rare. (Eu.) (From Iceland.) 



