196 BATBACHIANS. 



varying from uniform brown to yellow, but usually 

 spotted. U. S., E. of the Rocky Mountains. (A. 

 ingens, Hallowell.) 



7. A. xiphias, Cope. LONG -TAILED SALAMANDER. 

 Yellow-olive with brown reticulating bands; head small, 

 blunt; tail very long, much longer than the head and 

 body. Ohio. 



aa. Small species ; sole with one indistinct tubercle or none. 



8. A. jeffersonianum, (Green) Baird. JEFFERSON'S 

 SALAMANDER. Olive brown or blackish, usually with 

 pale or bluish spots, but sometimes uniform plumbeous. 

 Va. to Ind. and N., variable; several varieties are recog- 

 nized by Prof. Cope. 



** Folds on tongue radiating from the median longitudinal furrow ; 

 costal folds 12 ; size small. 



9. A. microstomum, Cope. SMALL - MOUTHED SALA- 

 MANDER. Lead - colored, usually with gray shades and 

 specks; head small, short, broad; body slender; skin 

 very smooth and slippery; lower jaw projecting. Ohio 

 to Kansas and S. 



FAMILY LXXXV. MENOPOMID^E. 



(The Menopomes.) 



Salamanders of large size, having the form of Ambly- 

 stoma^ but with an orifice on each side of neck persistent 

 during life; no external gills; legs well developed; toes 

 4-5; aquatic. Genus one; species two, Menopoma 

 fuscum, Holbr., of the head waters of the Tennessee, 

 and the following: 



/. MENOPOMA, Harlan. HELLBENDERS. 

 1. M. alleghaniense, Harlan. HELLBENDER. BIG 

 WATER LIZARD. Blackish; length 1 to 2 feet. Mis- 

 sissippi Valley to N. C. and S 



