168 TELEOSTEI: PLECTOGNATHI. XXII. 



in 9 mostly cycloid. Dark gray, mottled with darker ; fins 

 spotted. Head 3; depth 2. D. 55. A. 40. Lat. 1. 70. L. 12. 

 Arctic regions, S. to Cape Cod, our form or variety (L. pntnami 

 Gill) common from Cape Ann to Nova Scotia ; the original glacialis 

 in Alaska. (Pleuronectes glaber Storer.) 



237. GLYFTOCEPHALTTS Gottsche. (yXvirros, sculptured; 

 K(f)a\r), head.) 



475. G. cynoglossus (L.). CRAIG-FLUKE. P. short, not half 

 head ; eyes large, 3 in head. Grayish brown, fins spotted. Head 

 5; depth 2f. D. 101 to 112. A. 87 to 99. Lat. 1. 125. L. 12. 

 1ST. Atl., S. to Cape Cod. (Eu.) (An old name, from KUCOI/, dog; 

 yXwo-o-a, tongue.) 



238. ACHIRUS Lace'pede. (a x ttp, without hands.) 

 a. Pectorals wanting. (Achirus.) 



476. A. fasciatus Lacepede. SOLE. HOG-CHOKER. Eyed side 

 without black hair-like cilia. Olive-brown, mottled and with about 

 8 dark vertical streaks: vertical fins with dark spots and clouds; 

 blind side usually with round dark spots. Head 4 ; depth 1|. 

 D. 50 to 55. A. 37 to 4G. Lat. 1. 66 to 75. L. 8. Cape Cod to 

 Texas, abundant, ascending rivers. (Lat., banded.) 



239. SYMFHURTTS Rafinesque. (Plagusia Cuvier ; Aphoristia 

 Kaup.) ((rv/i0va), to grow together ; ovpa, tail.) 



477. S. plagiusa (L.). TONGUE-FISH. Body broadly lanceo- 

 late. Brown, with faint darker longitudinal streaks and with black 

 cross-bars; C. similarly colored, never black. Head 5; depth 3 to 

 8$. D. 86 to 95. A. 75 to 80. Lat. 1. 85 to 93. L. 5. Va. to 

 Texas, common S. (rrXdyios, oblique.) 



ORDER XXII. PLECTOGNATHI. (THE PLECTOGNATHS.) 



Premaxillaries co-ossified with the maxillaries, and dentary with 

 the articular; post-temporal undivided, grown fast to the skull; 

 interopercle rod-like; upper pharyngeals forming vertical trans- 

 verse laminae ; skin naked or variously covered with rough scales, 

 shields or spines. Vertebrae usually in less than normal number, 

 15 to 30. Ventral fins reduced or wanting. 



This group is a modified offshoot of the suborder Epelasmia of 

 Acanihopteri. The relations of the Balis f idee with the Acanthuridce 

 of the latter group are very close. (rrXeAcro?, joined; yvdOos, jaw.) 



FAMILY XC. BALISTID^EJ. (THE TRIGGER-FISHES.) 



Body ovate, compressed, covered with scales of varying struc- 

 ture. Mouth small, terminal, low; jaws short, each with one or 

 more series of separate incisor-like teeth ; eye very high. Gill 



