222 AVES: TUBINAKES. - XXXIII. 



664. Q. paradisaea Briinnich. ARCTIC TERN. Bill carmine 

 throughout; plumage as in hirundo, but darker below. L. 14 to 

 17. W. 10 to 11. T. 7 to 8. B. l. Smaller than hirundo, but 

 tail proportionally much longer. Arctic, S. to N. Y. (Eu.) 



eee. Outer tail-feather with both webs white. 



665. S. dougalli Montagu. ROSEATE TERN. Bill black, usu- 

 ally orange at base below; mantle very pale; rosy-tinted below in 

 breeding season. L. 14 to 17. W. 9|. T. 5 to 8. B. l. Atlan- 

 tic coast. (Eu.) (To Dr. McDougall, of Scotland.) 



aa. Wing less than 7; tail deeply forked, about half wing. (Sternula Boie.) 



666. S. antillarum Lesson. LEAST TERN. Bill yellow, usually 

 tipped with black ; a white frontal crescent between cap and bill ; 

 shafts of two or more outer primaries black above ; mantle pale 

 gray; very small. L. 8 or 9. W. 6J. T. 3J. B. Ifc. E. U. S., 

 chiefly abundant coastwise. 



336. HYDROCHELIDON Boie. (8o>p, water; ^eXi8o>i/, swallow.) 



667. H. nigra (L.). BLACK TERN. Head, neck and under parts 

 black (in full plumage) ; wings and tail above dark like the back ; 

 crissum white. L. 10. W. 8. T. 3J. B. 1^. N. Am., chiefly 

 inland. (Eu.) The American var. surinamensis (Gmelin) is 

 darker than the European form. 



FAMILY CXXIX. RHYNCHOPID^J. (THE SKIMMERS.) 



Gulls with the lower mandible much longer than the upper, com- 

 pressed like a knife-blade ; its two sides completely soldered to- 

 gether ; the upper edge as sharp as the lower, and fitting in a 

 groove in upper mandible; tip of bill obtuse; upper jaw com- 

 pressed, movable at base ; tongue very short, stumpy. Wings very 

 long. Otherwise similar to the terns. One genus, with 3 species. 



337. RHYNCHOPS Linnaeus, (pvyx<>s, beak; oty, face.) 



668. R. nigra L. BLACK SWIMMER. CUTWATER. Glossy 

 black ; white below ; lower mandible about an inch longer than 

 upper. L. 1 7 to 20. W. 15. T. 5, sharply forked. B. 2J. 

 Tropical Amer., N. to N. J., abundant southward. 



ORDER XXXHI. TURIN ARES. (THE TUBE-NOSED 

 SWIMMERS.) 



Nostrils tubular; bill with the upper mandible hooked, its cover- 

 ing composed of several pieces separated by deep grooves. Other- 

 wise essentially like the Longipennes so far as external characters 

 are concerned, 

 a. Nostrils united in a double tube, placed horizontally on the culm en. 



PROCELLAKIID^E, 130. 



