314 



THE IRRIGATION AGE, 



they will pay the cost of irrigation. See 

 how they will flock there in unnumbered 

 thousands. There would not be a vacant 

 acre left in five years, if men only had to 

 pay the actual cost of irrigation to get a 

 title to the land. 



If the great desert stretches of the arid 

 west are ever to be reclaimed and made 

 into comfortable and productive homes 

 for the millions who will seek them, the 

 Federal Government will necessarily have 

 to take the lead and build the storage irri- 

 gation reservoirs. 



Destroyed the The change in the face of na- 

 Source. lure caused by the destruction 



of the mighty forests of Lebanon has per- 

 manently impoverished the entire region 

 involved. The Judean valley was rendered 

 arid, and Palestine to-day can support but 

 few people because her water courses have 

 been dried up, for the great trees which 

 sheltered the snows and kept the pitiless 

 sun from reaching into the heart of the 

 springs have been destroyed utterly, and 

 are without successors. 



Irrigation in The Bussian Government ex- 

 Russia, pends considerable sums annu- 

 ally for purposes of irrigation, and the re- 

 sults obtained have proved very successful. 

 The plan adopted, where there are no riv- 

 ers, is to construct dams or series of dams 

 across valleys or gullies, and thereby form 

 reservoirs, in which rain or melted snow is 

 collected and stored. From these ponds 

 it is an easy mattar to run the water to and 

 spread it over lower levels. The Steppe, 

 which is absolutely flat in but few places, 

 lends itself easily to this system, the great 

 drawback to which is, of course, the initial 

 cost, which can be borne by only a few 

 land owners, a large number of whom have 

 been obliged during late years to hypothe- 

 cate their estates in copsequence of .the 

 succession "of Bad crops. 



Haze* S. - . lii'icbi$n.'s f ampus r af. p r.m 



Pingree,'. ^.gpyejnor. <iied at the Gjan,d 



Hotel, London, June 18, t His death, is 



particularly sad on account of his absence- 

 from the home he so longed for, which was- 

 shown by his oft-repeated inquiry, "How 

 soon can I start for home." For months 

 Mr. Pingree, accompanied by his son, H. 

 S. Pingree, Jr. , familiarly known as "Joe," 

 had been touring South Africa and the 

 continent of Europe, partly for pleasure,, 

 partly with a view to enlarging the great 

 shoe business which the enterprise and 

 thrift of the father had built up. He ex- 

 pected to be at his home ere this, and just 

 as he was about to start he was stricken 

 down with the fatal malady, and now only 

 the coffined remains of Michigan's great- 

 hearted governor may be received by his- 

 family and friends, where they had hoped 

 to extend to him, in the full flush of life 

 and health, a glad and cordial welcome 

 home. 



The career of Hazen S. Pingree was an 

 unusual one. Born on his father's farm at 

 Denmark, Me., August 30, 1842, he re- 

 mained there his father's helper until 14 

 years of age, when he was sent by hia 

 father to Hopkinton, Mass., to learn the 

 trade of a cutter in a shoe shop. He was- 

 19 years of age when the civil war broke 

 out, and it is only an evidence of the char- 

 acter that has made his name memorable 

 that he was a volunteer in the First Massa- 

 chusetts infantry. He was one of the men. 

 captured by Mosby, the guerilla, and five 

 months following were spent in Anderson- 

 ville prison, an experience from which he 

 never fully recovered and to which it is- 

 believed his untimely death is due. The 

 West offered tempting invitations to a man, 

 of Pingree's native ability, and at the close 

 of the war he came to Detroit. There he 

 worked in a produce market until he had 

 amassed the little fortune of $460, and 

 with; this he bought a shoe.. shop that was- 

 rapidly going .down. This factory grew 

 until 1,000 men were employed land an an- 

 nual business o ; f more than .$l,OOQ,OOp, wag. 

 transacted. ,-.,... . ^ r . 



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