BY JOHN M. IRWIN, Freeport, 111, 



PUMPING PLANTS, 



The installation of a complete pumping plant is not, as a rule, a 

 difficult matter. The experience of practical men has developed a 

 simple system that requires no expert to put in operation. There are 

 exceptions to every general rule, and while it may seem expedient in 

 some cases to deviate from the rules as established by the best prac- 

 tice, yet it will be best to adhere as closely as possible to the rules 

 here given. Experiments are always uncertain until they are proved 

 to be correct. Unless you have money to spare for experiments, do 

 not make them. 



Water is the first and most important consideration. Without an 

 abundant supply of water for the pump there can be no successful 

 pumping plant; therefore the well which supplies the water must be 

 the best that can be made. 



Wells, dug or bored, must be made deep and large enough to 

 afford the required supply. Not all wells, however well made, will 

 yield a sufficient supply, simply because the water bearing stratas are 

 not always rich enough in water to supply a large amount. Shallow 

 wells sometimes yield a very large supply, while others give only 

 a small amount. Shallow wells sometimes yield a very large supply, 

 while others yield only small quantities. Investigate the water sup- 

 ply before buying a wind mill or pump and then you can better deter- 

 mine what size to buy. 



Open wells can be successfully made in clay and stone stratas, but 

 as a rule are not successful where water is found in sand stratas 



Screen points give better results where water is obtained from 

 sand stratas. One large point will give better results than a number 

 of small ones. Where a large quantity of water is to be used, and the 



