THE IERIGA1ION AGE 153 



3d, the pipe called discharge pipe, which conveys the water from the 

 cylinder to point of delivery. 



From the foregoing it will be seen that no pump standard so 

 called is to be used. 



Cylinders for irrigation work should have suitable valves of 

 greatest possible capacity and be either brass or porcelain lined. 



Suction pipe should be of standard wrought iron water pipe, not 

 less than two-thirds (f) the diameter of the cylinder and always the 

 same diameter as cylinder, when cylinders can be obtained properly 

 fitted for such full size pipe. 



Strainers. With pumps in open wells a strainer is used on lower 

 end of suction pipe. 



Screen points are used in all wells, with a few exceptions, where 

 water is obtained in sand stratas, and should never be less than two- 

 thirds, (f) the diameter of cylinder, and always the same diameter 

 when cylinders can be obtained properly fitted for such full size pipe; 

 and should be of suitable length to afford an ample supply of water. 



Discharge pipe for irrigation pumps should always be of same in- 

 side diameter as that of cylinder; so that plunger of pump may be re- 

 moved for repairs or adjustment without the necessity of taking the 

 pump out of the well. 



Spout for outlet of water from discharge pipe should be near top 

 of pipe. 



Cap for discharge pipe. Take a board of two inch lumber and cut 

 out a round disk, same size as inside diameter of pipe, then mortise a 

 square hole in the center for draft rod of pump to pass through and 

 fasten it in the top end of pipe, by means of nails or screws, having 

 first punched holes in the pipe so that either can be used. 



In open wells a substantial support, located within two to ten feet 

 of the water, made of suitably strong timbers for the cylinder to rest 

 on, should always be put in, 



In wells where screen points are used, and the lower end of screen 

 point does not rest on a strata of clay or other hard substance, it will 

 be necessary to support the cylinder same as though in an open well, 

 or else, as more or less sand is carried into the screen point with the 

 water from below, the pump will continue to settle and the plunger 

 work up into the pipe above cylinder and the pump get out of work- 

 ing order. 



Support the discharge pipe by suitably bracing, so that it will 

 stand in a perfectly plumb or perpendicular position; that the draft 

 rod and plunger of pump will work most smoothly and with least 

 friction. 



It will often be found convenient to place mill near streams or 

 other open water and force the water to a reservoir located on higher 



